2 And he gave a loud cry, saying, Babylon the great has come down from her high place, she has come to destruction and has become a place of evil spirits, and of every unclean spirit, and a hole for every unclean and hated bird.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Revelation 18:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
96
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καὶ ἔκραξεν ἐν ἰσχύϊ, φωνῇ μεγάλῃ, λέγων, Ἔπεσεν ἔπεσε Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη, καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον δαιμόνων, καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου καὶ μεμισημένου.
28 word entries
Καὶ
ἔκραξεν
ἐν
ἰσχύϊ
φωνῇ
μεγάλῃ
λέγων
Ἔπεσεν
ἔπεσε
Βαβυλὼν
ἡ
μεγάλη
καὶ
ἐγένετο
κατοικητήριον
- Lemma
- katoikhthrion
- Transliteration
- katoikhthrion
- Morphology
- Greek: noun nominative singular neuter
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G2732
- Occurrences
- 2
δαιμόνων
καὶ
φυλακὴ
παντὸς
πνεύματος
ἀκαθάρτου
καὶ
φυλακὴ
παντὸς
ὀρνέου
ἀκαθάρτου
καὶ
μεμισημένου
- Lemma
- memishmenou
- Transliteration
- memishmenou
- Morphology
- Greek: verb perfect passive participle genitive singular neuter
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3404
- Occurrences
- 1
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
καὶ ἔκραξεν ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ λέγων· ἔπεσεν, ἔπεσεν Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη, καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον δαιμονίων καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου καὶ μεμισημένου,
27 word entries
καὶ
ἐν
ἡ
καὶ
κατοικητήριον
- Lemma
- κατοικητήριον
- Morphology
- N-NSN
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G2732
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
καὶ
καὶ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܩܥܐ ܒܩܠܐ ܪܒܐ ܢܦܠܬ ܢܦܠܬ ܒܒܝܠ ܪܒܬܐ ܘܗܘܬ ܡܥܡܪܐ ܠܫܐܕܐ ܘܢܛܘܪܬܐ ܠܟܠ ܪܘܚܐ ܠܐ ܕܟܝܬܐ ܘܣܢܝܬܐ
16 word entries
ܘܩܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܥܐ
- Transliteration
- wq''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 14
ܒܩܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܩܠܐ
- Transliteration
- bql'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 33
ܪܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܒܐ
- Transliteration
- rb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 108
ܢܦܠܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܦܠܬ
- Transliteration
- nplt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 13
ܢܦܠܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܦܠܬ
- Transliteration
- nplt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 13
ܒܒܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܒܝܠ
- Transliteration
- bbyl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܪܒܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܒܬܐ
- Transliteration
- rbt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 51
ܘܗܘܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܘܬ
- Transliteration
- whwt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 19
ܡܥܡܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܥܡܪܐ
- Transliteration
- m'mr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܫܐܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܫܐܕܐ
- Transliteration
- lsh'd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܢܛܘܪܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܛܘܪܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wntwrt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܟܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܠ
- Transliteration
- lkl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 30
ܪܘܚܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܪܘܚܐ
- Transliteration
- ruha
- Morphology
- noun, feminine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- spirit, wind
- Occurrences
- 199
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܕܟܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܟܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dkyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܘܣܢܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܣܢܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wsnyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et exclamavit in fortitudine, dicens: Cecidit, cecidit Babylon magna: et facta est habitatio dæmoniorum, et custodia omnis spiritus immundi, et custodia omnis volucris immundæ, et odibilis:
25 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
exclamavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- exclamo
- Transliteration
- exclamavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 34
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
forti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fortis
- Transliteration
- forti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 326
voce
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uox
- Transliteration
- voce
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 583
dicens
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dicens
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
cecidit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cado
- Transliteration
- cecidit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 410
cecidit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cado
- Transliteration
- cecidit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 410
Babylon
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Babylon
- Transliteration
- Babylon
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 271
magna
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- magnus
- Transliteration
- magna
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1017
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
facta
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- facio
- Transliteration
- facta
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 4719
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
habitatio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- habitatio
- Transliteration
- habitatio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 53
daemoniorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- daemonium
- Transliteration
- daemoniorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 80
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
custodia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- custodia
- Transliteration
- custodia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 85
omnis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
spiritus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- spiritus
- Transliteration
- spiritus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 709
inmundi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- immundus
- Transliteration
- inmundi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 138
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
custodia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- custodia
- Transliteration
- custodia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 85
omnis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
volucris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uolucris
- Transliteration
- volucris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 47
inmundae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- immundus
- Transliteration
- inmundae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 138
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Jeremiah 51:8
Sudden is the downfall of Babylon and her destruction: make cries of grief for her; take sweet oil for her pain, if it is possible for her to be made well.
10 relevance votesRevelation 14:8
And a second angel came after, saying, Destruction has come to Babylon the great, which gave to all the nations the wine of the wrath of her evil ways.
10 relevance votesJeremiah 51:37
And Babylon will become a mass of broken walls, a hole for jackals, a cause of wonder and surprise, without a living man in it.
9 relevance votesRevelation 18:21
And a strong angel took up a stone like the great stone with which grain is crushed, and sent it into the sea, saying, So, with a great fall, will Babylon, the great town, come to destruction, and will not be seen any more at all.
5 relevance votesRevelation 16:19
And the great town was cut into three parts, and the towns of the nations came to destruction: and Babylon the great came into mind before God, to be given the cup of the wine of his wrath.
5 relevance votesRevelation 17:18
And the woman whom you saw is the great town, which is ruling over the kings of the earth.
4 relevance votesRevelation 17:5
And on her brow was a name, SECRET, BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF THE EVIL WOMEN AND OF THE UNCLEAN THINGS OF THE EARTH.
4 relevance votesRevelation 18:10
Watching from far away, for fear of her punishment, saying, Sorrow, sorrow for Babylon, the great town, the strong town! for in one hour you have been judged.
4 relevance votesIsaiah 14:23
And I will make you a heritage for the hedgehog, and pools of water: and I will go through it with the brush of destruction, says the Lord of armies.
3 relevance votesRevelation 16:13
And I saw coming out of the mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and out of the mouth of the false prophet, three unclean spirits, like frogs.
2 relevance votesRevelation 5:2
And I saw a strong angel saying in a loud voice, Who is able to make the book open, and to undo its stamps?
1 relevance votesZephaniah 2:14
And herds will take their rest in the middle of her, all the beasts of the valley: the pelican and the porcupine will make their living-places on the tops of its pillars; the owl will be crying in the window; the raven will be seen on the doorstep.
1 relevance votes
Chapter 18 · 18 of 22 available
Verse 2 of 24