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Bible in Basic English

Psalms 55

Bible in Basic English, Verse 13

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¹³ But it was you, my equal, my guide, my well-loved friend.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 55:13. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 66

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

כִּ֤י לֹֽא־אוֹיֵ֥ב יְחָֽרְפֵ֗נִי וְאֶ֫שָּׂ֥א לֹֽא־מְ֭שַׂנְאִי עָלַ֣י הִגְדִּ֑יל וְאֶסָּתֵ֥ר מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃

11 word entries

כִּ֤י

Lemma: 3588 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3588
Occurrences: 4218

לֹֽא

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

אוֹיֵ֥ב

Lemma: 341
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H341
Occurrences: 229

יְחָֽרְפֵ֗נִי

Lemma: 2778 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2778
Occurrences: 30

וְאֶ֫שָּׂ֥א

Lemma: c/5375
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5375
Occurrences: 217

לֹֽא

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

מְ֭שַׂנְאִי

Lemma: 8130
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel participle active + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8130
Occurrences: 107

עָלַ֣י

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

הִגְדִּ֑יל

Lemma: 1431
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1431
Occurrences: 76

וְאֶסָּתֵ֥ר

Lemma: c/5641
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb niphal imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5641
Occurrences: 17

מִמֶּֽנּוּ

Lemma: 4480 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4480
Occurrences: 1059

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐν ἐμοὶ ὁ Θεὸς αἱ εὐχαὶ, ἃς ἀποδώσω αἰνέσεώς σου.

10 word entries

Ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

ἐμοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Θεὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θεός
Transliteration: theos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: God, god
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity, or divine being.
Strong's: G2316
Occurrences: 3522

αἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

εὐχαὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εὐχαὶ
Transliteration: eychai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 9

ἃς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: has
Morphology: relative pronoun, accusative feminine plural
Gloss: which, whom
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

ἀποδώσω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀποδώσω
Transliteration: apodoso
Morphology: future active indicative, 1st singular pattern
Gloss: I will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

αἰνέσεώς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: αἰνέσεώς
Transliteration: aineseos
Morphology: adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...ly / having ...
Part of Speech: adverb/participle form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܓܝܪ ܒܥܠܕܒܒܝ ܚܣܕܢܝ ܕܐܣܝܒܪ ܐܦ ܠܐ ܣܢܐܝ ܐܬܬܪܝܡ ܥܠܝ ܕܐܛܫܐ ܡܢܗ

13 word entries

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܠܐ
Transliteration: la
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2566

ܗܘܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘܐ
Transliteration: hwa
Morphology: verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss: was, became
Occurrences: 1800

ܓܝܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܝܪ
Transliteration: gyr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 455

ܒܥܠܕܒܒܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܥܠܕܒܒܝ
Transliteration: b'ldbby
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 41

ܚܣܕܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܣܕܢܝ
Transliteration: hsdny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܕܐܣܝܒܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܣܝܒܪ
Transliteration: d'sybr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 3

ܐܦ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܦ
Transliteration: 'p
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 586

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܠܐ
Transliteration: la
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2566

ܣܢܐܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܢܐܝ
Transliteration: sn'y
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 9

ܐܬܬܪܝܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܬܪܝܡ
Transliteration: 'ttrym
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 14

ܥܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠܝ
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 218

ܕܐܛܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܛܫܐ
Transliteration: d'tsh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1

ܡܢܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢܗ
Transliteration: mnh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 240

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אֲרוּם לָא בְעֵיל דְבָבָא יַקֵל יָתִי וֶאֱסוֹבַר לָא מְסַנְאַי עֲלַי אִתְרַבְרַב וְאִטַמַר מִן קָדָמוֹי׃

14 word entries

אֲרוּם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארום
Transliteration: 'rwm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 997

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2611

בְעֵיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עיל
Transliteration: b'yl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 62

דְבָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בבא
Transliteration: dbb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 41

יַקֵל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקל
Transliteration: yql
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

יָתִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתי
Transliteration: yty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 381

וֶאֱסוֹבַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אסובר
Transliteration: w'swbr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2611

מְסַנְאַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סנאי
Transliteration: msn'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 37

עֲלַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלי
Transliteration: 'ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 440

אִתְרַבְרַב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתרברב
Transliteration: 'trbrb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 9

וְאִטַמַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אטמר
Transliteration: w'tmr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 9

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

קָדָמוֹי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קדמוי
Transliteration: qdmwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 107

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

quoniam eripuisti animam meam de morte, et pedes meos de lapsu, ut placeam coram Deo in lumine viventium.]

18 word entries

quoniam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quoniam
Transliteration: quoniam
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1134

eripuisti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: eripio
Transliteration: eripuisti
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 63

animam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: anima
Transliteration: animam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 916

meam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

morte

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mors
Transliteration: morte
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 408

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

pedes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pes
Transliteration: pedes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 362

meos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

lapsu

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lapsus
Transliteration: lapsu
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4533

placeam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: placeo
Transliteration: placeam
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 232

coram

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: coram
Transliteration: coram
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 710

Deo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: deus
Transliteration: Deo
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity
Etymology: Latin noun for God or a god.
Occurrences: 4889

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

lumine

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lumen
Transliteration: lumine
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 90

viventium

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uiuo
Transliteration: viventium
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 524

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 55

Source Text Study

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