20 And the sons of Judah by their families were: of Shelah, the family of the Shelahites: of Perez, the family of the Perezites: of Zerah, the family of the Zerahites.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Numbers 26:20. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
71
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיִּהְי֣וּ בְנֵי־יְהוּדָה֮ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם֒ לְשֵׁלָ֗ה מִשְׁפַּ֙חַת֙ הַשֵּׁ֣לָנִ֔י לְפֶ֕רֶץ מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הַפַּרְצִ֑י לְזֶ֕רַח מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הַזַּרְחִֽי׃
13 word entries
וַיִּהְי֣וּ
בְנֵי
לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם֒
לְשֵׁלָ֗ה
מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙
הַשֵּׁ֣לָנִ֔י
לְפֶ֕רֶץ
מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת
הַפַּרְצִ֑י
לְזֶ֕רַח
מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Τῷ Ἰασοὺβ, δῆμος ὁ Ἰασουβί· τῷ Σαμρὰμ, δῆμος ὁ Σαμραμί.
10 word entries
Τῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Ἰασοὺβ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἰασοὺβ
- Transliteration
- iasoyb
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἰασοὺβ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
δῆμος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δῆμος
- Transliteration
- demos
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- people, district
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- People, populace, or district.
- Occurrences
- 151
ὁ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Ἰασουβί
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἰασουβί
- Transliteration
- iasoybi
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
τῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Σαμρὰμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- Σαμρὰμ
- Transliteration
- samram
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Σαμρὰμ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
δῆμος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δῆμος
- Transliteration
- demos
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- people, district
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- People, populace, or district.
- Occurrences
- 151
ὁ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Σαμραμί
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- σαμραμί
- Transliteration
- samrami
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
Targum Onkelos Torah
Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain
Coverage: Torah
Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.
וַהֲווֹ בְנֵי יְהוּדָה לְזַרְעֲיַתְהוֹן לְשֵׁלָה זַרְעִית שֵׁלָה לְפֶרֶץ זַרְעִית פֶּרֶץ לְזֶרַח זַרְעִית זָרַח
13 word entries
וַהֲווֹ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הוו
- Transliteration
- whww
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 91
בְנֵי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- bny
- Morphology
- noun plural construct
- Gloss
- sons, children of
- Occurrences
- 1211
יְהוּדָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יהודה
- Transliteration
- yhwdh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 48
לְזַרְעֲיַתְהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זרעיתהון
- Transliteration
- lzr'ythwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 53
לְשֵׁלָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שלה
- Transliteration
- lshlh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 7
זַרְעִית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זרעית
- Transliteration
- zr'yt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 119
שֵׁלָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שלה
- Transliteration
- shlh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 7
לְפֶרֶץ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פרץ
- Transliteration
- lprts
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 8
זַרְעִית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זרעית
- Transliteration
- zr'yt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 119
פֶּרֶץ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פרץ
- Transliteration
- prts
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 8
לְזֶרַח
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זרח
- Transliteration
- lzrch
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 9
זַרְעִית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זרעית
- Transliteration
- zr'yt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 119
זָרַח
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זרח
- Transliteration
- zrch
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 9
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܗܘܘ ܒܢ̈ܝ ܝܗܘܕܐ ܠܫܪ̈ܒܬܗܘܢ. ܫܠܐ ܫܪܒܬܐ ܕܫܠܐ. ܦܪܨ ܫܪܒܬܐ ܕܦܪܨ. ܙܪܚ ܫܪܒܬܐ ܕܙܪܚ.
13 word entries
ܘܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- whww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 114
ܒܢ̈ܝ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܒܢܝ
- Transliteration
- bnay
- Morphology
- noun, masculine construct plural
- Gloss
- sons, children of
- Occurrences
- 882
ܝܗܘܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܗܘܕܐ
- Transliteration
- yhwd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 374
ܠܫܪ̈ܒܬܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܫܪܒܬܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lshrbthwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 57
ܫܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܠܐ
- Transliteration
- shl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 10
ܫܪܒܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܪܒܬܐ
- Transliteration
- shrbt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 157
ܕܫܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dshl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܦܪܨ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܪܨ
- Transliteration
- prs
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 10
ܫܪܒܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܪܒܬܐ
- Transliteration
- shrbt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 157
ܕܦܪܨ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܦܪܨ
- Transliteration
- dprs
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 7
ܙܪܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܙܪܚ
- Transliteration
- zrh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 11
ܫܪܒܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܪܒܬܐ
- Transliteration
- shrbt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 157
ܕܙܪܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܙܪܚ
- Transliteration
- dzrh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 6
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Fueruntque filii Juda per cognationes suas: Sela, a quo familia Selaitarum: Phares, a quo familia Pharesitarum: Zare, a quo familia Zareitarum.
22 word entries
fueruntque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- fueruntque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
{fueruntque}
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- que
- Transliteration
- {fueruntque}
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4392
filii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- filii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
Iuda
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iuda
- Transliteration
- Iuda
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 970
per
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- per
- Transliteration
- per
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 1915
cognationes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cognatio
- Transliteration
- cognationes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 161
suas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suus
- Transliteration
- suas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5783
Sela
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- selus
- Transliteration
- Sela
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 5
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
quo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
familia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- familia
- Transliteration
- familia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 251
Selanitarum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Selanitae
- Transliteration
- Selanitarum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
Phares
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Phares
- Transliteration
- Phares
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 23
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
quo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
familia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- familia
- Transliteration
- familia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 251
Pharesitarum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Pharesitae
- Transliteration
- Pharesitarum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
Zare
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Zares
- Transliteration
- Zare
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 5
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
quo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
familia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- familia
- Transliteration
- familia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 251
Zareitarum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Zareitae
- Transliteration
- Zareitarum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 2
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Genesis 46:12
And the sons of Judah: Er and Onan and Shelah and Perez and Zerah: but Er and Onan had come to their death in the land of Canaan; and the sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
4 relevance votesNehemiah 11:24
And Pethahiah, the son of Meshezabel, of the sons of Zerah, the son of Judah, was the king's servant in everything to do with the people.
4 relevance votesGenesis 38:5
Then she had another son, to whom she gave the name Shelah; she was at Chezib when the birth took place.
2 relevance votesNehemiah 11:4
And in Jerusalem there were living certain of the children of Judah and of Benjamin. Of the children of Judah: Athaiah, the son of Uzziah, the son of Zechariah, the son of Amariah, the son of Shephatiah, the son of Mahalalel, of the children of Perez;
2 relevance votesGenesis 38:11
Then Judah said to Tamar, his daughter-in-law, Go back to your father's house and keep yourself as a widow till my son Shelah becomes a man: for he had in his mind the thought that death might come to him as it had come to his brothers. So Tamar went back to her father's house.
2 relevance votesMatthew 1:3
And the sons of Judah were Perez and Zerah by Tamar; and the son of Perez was Hezron; and the son of Hezron was Ram;
2 relevance votesNehemiah 11:6
All the sons of Perez living in Jerusalem were four hundred and sixty-eight men of good position.
2 relevance votesGenesis 38:14
She took off her widow's clothing, and covering herself with her veil, she took her seat near Enaim on the road to Timnah; for she saw that Shelah was now a man, but she had not been made his wife.
2 relevance votes1 Chronicles 4:21
The sons of Shelah, the son of Judah: Er, the father of Lecah, and Laadah, the father of Mareshah, and the families of those who made delicate linen, of the family of Ashbea;
2 relevance votesLuke 3:33
The son of Amminadab, the son of Arni, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah,
2 relevance votes