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Bible in Basic English

Nahum 3

Bible in Basic English, Verse 10

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¹⁰ But even she has been taken away, she has gone away as a prisoner: even her young children are smashed to bits at the top of all the streets: the fate of her honoured men is put to the decision of chance, and all her great men are put in chains.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Nahum 3:10. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 118

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

גַּם־הִ֗יא לַגֹּלָה֙ הָלְכָ֣ה בַשֶּׁ֔בִי גַּ֧ם עֹלָלֶ֛יהָ יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ כָּל־חוּצ֑וֹת וְעַל־נִכְבַּדֶּ֙יהָ֙ יַדּ֣וּ גוֹרָ֔ל וְכָל־גְּדוֹלֶ֖יהָ רֻתְּק֥וּ בַזִּקִּֽים׃

19 word entries

גַּם

Lemma: 1571
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1571
Occurrences: 508

הִ֗יא

Lemma: 1931
Morphology: Hebrew: pronoun
Part of Speech: pronoun
Strong's: H1931
Occurrences: 1188

לַגֹּלָה֙

Lemma: l/1473
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1473
Occurrences: 1

הָלְכָ֣ה

Lemma: 1980
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1980
Occurrences: 372

בַשֶּׁ֔בִי

Lemma: b/7628 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7628
Occurrences: 17

גַּ֧ם

Lemma: 1571
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1571
Occurrences: 508

עֹלָלֶ֛יהָ

Lemma: 5768
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5768
Occurrences: 14

יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ

Lemma: 7376
Morphology: Hebrew: verb pual imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7376
Occurrences: 6

בְּרֹ֣אשׁ

Lemma: b/7218 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7218
Occurrences: 76

כָּל

Lemma: 3605
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 3268

חוּצ֑וֹת

Lemma: 2351
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2351
Occurrences: 31

וְעַל

Lemma: c/5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 543

נִכְבַּדֶּ֨יהָ֙

Lemma: 3513
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal participle passive + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3513
Occurrences: 80

יַדּ֣וּ

Lemma: 3032
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3032
Occurrences: 3

גוֹרָ֔ל

Lemma: 1486
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1486
Occurrences: 30

וְכָל

Lemma: c/3605
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 749

גְּדוֹלֶ֖יהָ

Lemma: 1419 a
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective + suffix
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H1419
Occurrences: 341

רֻתְּק֥וּ

Lemma: 7576
Morphology: Hebrew: verb pual perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7576
Occurrences: 2

בַזִּקִּֽים

Lemma: b/2131 b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H2131
Occurrences: 4

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ αὐτὴ εἰς μετοικεσίαν πορεύσεται αἰχμάλωτος καὶ τὰ νήπια αὐτῆς ἐδαφιοῦσιν ἐπʼ ἀρχὰς πασῶν τῶν ὁδῶν αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ ἔνδοξα αὐτῆς βαλοῦσι κλήρους· καὶ πάντες οἱ μεγιστᾶνες αὐτῆς δεθήσονται χειροπέδαις.

32 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

αὐτὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

μετοικεσίαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: μετοικεσίαν
Transliteration: metoikesian
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

πορεύσεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πορεύσεται
Transliteration: poreysetai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 25

αἰχμάλωτος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: αἰχμάλωτος
Transliteration: aichmalotos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

νήπια

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: νήπια
Transliteration: nepia
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 18

αὐτῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἐδαφιοῦσιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐδαφιοῦσιν
Transliteration: edaphioysin
Morphology: verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐπʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: ep
Morphology: preposition, elided form
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

ἀρχὰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀρχὰς
Transliteration: archas
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 15

πασῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὁδῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὁδῶν
Transliteration: odon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

αὐτῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐπὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: epi
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

πάντα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἔνδοξα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἔνδοξα
Transliteration: endoxa
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

αὐτῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

βαλοῦσι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: βαλοῦσι
Transliteration: baloysi
Morphology: verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

κλήρους

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κλήρους
Transliteration: kleroys
Morphology: accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 23

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πάντες

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

μεγιστᾶνες

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μεγιστᾶνες
Transliteration: megistanes
Morphology: nominative/vocative plural masculine/feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 16

αὐτῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

δεθήσονται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: δεθήσονται
Transliteration: dethesontai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

χειροπέδαις

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: χειροπέδαις
Transliteration: cheiropedais
Morphology: dative plural feminine pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܦ ܗܝ ܒܫܒܝܬܐ ܐܙܠܬ ܘܝ̈ܠܘܕܝܗ̇ ܐܫܬܩܦܘ ܒܪܝܫ ܟܘܠܗܘܢ ܫ̈ܘܩܝܗ̇ ܘܥܠ ܝܩܝܪ̈ܝܗ̇ ܐܪܡܝܘ ܦܨ̈ܐ ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܪ̈ܘܪܒܢܝܗ̇ ܐܬܐܣܪܘ ܒܫܫ̈ܠܬܐ

17 word entries

ܐܦ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܦ
Transliteration: 'p
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 586

ܗܝ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܝ
Transliteration: hi
Morphology: pronoun/copula, feminine singular
Gloss: she, it, is
Occurrences: 578

ܒܫܒܝܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܫܒܝܬܐ
Transliteration: bshbyt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 6

ܐܙܠܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܙܠܬ
Transliteration: 'zlt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 13

ܘܝ̈ܠܘܕܝܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܝܠܘܕܝܗ
Transliteration: wylwdyh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܐܫܬܩܦܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܫܬܩܦܘ
Transliteration: 'shtqpw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܒܪܝܫ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܪܝܫ
Transliteration: brysh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 31

ܟܘܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܘܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: kwlhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 100

ܫ̈ܘܩܝܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܘܩܝܗ
Transliteration: shwqyh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܘܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܥܠ
Transliteration: w'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 687

ܝܩܝܪ̈ܝܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܩܝܪܝܗ
Transliteration: yqyryh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܐܪܡܝܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܪܡܝܘ
Transliteration: 'rmyw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 15

ܦܨ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܨܐ
Transliteration: ps'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 13

ܘܟܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܟܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: wklhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 210

ܪ̈ܘܪܒܢܝܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܘܪܒܢܝܗ
Transliteration: rwrbnyh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 8

ܐܬܐܣܪܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܐܣܪܘ
Transliteration: 't'srw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

ܒܫܫ̈ܠܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܫܫܠܬܐ
Transliteration: bshshlt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 14

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אַף הִיא בְּגָלוּתָא תְּהַךְ בְּשִׁבְיָא אַף עוּלֵמָהָא וְטָרְפוּן בְּרֵישׁ כָּל שׁוּקַיָא וְעַל יַקִירָהָא רְמוֹ עַדְבִין וְכָל רַבְרְבָהָא יְדַקְדְקוּן בְּשִׁלְשְׁלָן׃

19 word entries

אַף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אף
Transliteration: 'p
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 354

הִיא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: היא
Transliteration: hy'
Morphology: personal/demonstrative pronoun
Gloss: she, it
Occurrences: 241

בְּגָלוּתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גלותא
Transliteration: bglwt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 71

תְּהַךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תהך
Transliteration: thk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 30

בְּשִׁבְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שביא
Transliteration: bshby'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 36

אַף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אף
Transliteration: 'p
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 354

עוּלֵמָהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עולמהא
Transliteration: 'wlmh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 3

וְטָרְפוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טרפון
Transliteration: wtrpwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

בְּרֵישׁ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ריש
Transliteration: brysh
Morphology: prefixed preposition ב + noun masculine singular
Gloss: in/with head, chief, beginning
Occurrences: 378

כָּל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: כל
Transliteration: kl
Morphology: collective noun/adjective
Gloss: all, every
Occurrences: 2135

שׁוּקַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שוקיא
Transliteration: shwqy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 8

וְעַל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ועל
Transliteration: w'l
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 516

יַקִירָהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקירהא
Transliteration: yqyrh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

רְמוֹ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רמו
Transliteration: rmw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 25

עַדְבִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עדבין
Transliteration: 'dbyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 15

וְכָל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וכל
Transliteration: wkl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 550

רַבְרְבָהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רברבהא
Transliteration: rbrbh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 15

יְדַקְדְקוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ידקדקון
Transliteration: ydqdqwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

בְּשִׁלְשְׁלָן׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שלשלן
Transliteration: bshlshln
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 11

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Sed et ipsa in transmigrationem ducta est in captivitatem: parvuli ejus elisi sunt in capite omnium viarum, et super inclytos ejus miserunt sortem, et omnes optimates ejus confixi sunt in compedibus.

31 word entries

sed

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sed
Transliteration: sed
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1637

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

ipsa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ipse
Transliteration: ipsa
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 2134

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

transmigrationem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: transmigratio
Transliteration: transmigrationem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 38

ducta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: duco
Transliteration: ducta
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 271

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

captivitatem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: captiuitas
Transliteration: captivitatem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 92

parvuli

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: paruulus
Transliteration: parvuli
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 137

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

elisi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: elido
Transliteration: elisi
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 12

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

capite

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caput
Transliteration: capite
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 501

omnium

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnium
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

viarum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uia
Transliteration: viarum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 853

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

super

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: super
Transliteration: super
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3146

inclitos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inclutus
Transliteration: inclitos
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 25

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

miserunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mitto
Transliteration: miserunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1165

sortem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sors
Transliteration: sortem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 114

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

omnes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnes
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

optimates

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: optimates
Transliteration: optimates
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 30

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

confixi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: configo
Transliteration: confixi
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 14

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

conpedibus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: compes
Transliteration: conpedibus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 16

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Isaiah 20:4

So will the king of Assyria take away the prisoners of Egypt and those forced out of Ethiopia, young and old, unclothed and without shoes, and with backs uncovered, to the shame of Egypt.

5 relevance votes

Joel 3:3

And they have put the fate of my people to the decision of chance: giving a boy for the price of a loose woman and a girl for a drink of wine.

4 relevance votes

Hosea 13:16

Samaria will be made waste, for she has gone against her God: they will be cut down by the sword, their little children will be broken on the rocks, their women who are with child will be cut open.

4 relevance votes

Obadiah 1:11

Because you were there watching when men from other lands took away his goods, and strange men came into his doors, and put the fate of Jerusalem to the decision of chance; you were like one of them.

4 relevance votes

Isaiah 13:16

Their young children will be broken up before their eyes; their goods will be taken away, and their wives made the property of others.

3 relevance votes

Lamentations 2:19

Up! give cries in the night, at the starting of the night-watches; let your heart be flowing out like water before the face of the Lord, lifting up your hands to him for the life of your young children who are falling down, feeble for need of food, at the top of every street.

3 relevance votes

Isaiah 13:6

Send out a cry of grief; for the day of the Lord is near; it comes as destruction from the Most High.

2 relevance votes

Psalms 137:8

O daughter of Babylon, whose fate is destruction; happy is the man who does to you what you have done to us.

2 relevance votes

Lamentations 4:1

How dark has the gold become! how changed the best gold! the stones of the holy place are dropping out at the top of every street.

2 relevance votes

Amos 1:13

These are the words of the Lord: For three crimes of the children of Ammon, and for four, I will not let its fate be changed; because in Gilead they had women with child cut open, so that they might make wider the limits of their land.

2 relevance votes

2 Kings 8:12

And Hazael said, Why is my lord weeping? Then he said in answer, Because I see the evil which you will do to the children of Israel: burning down their strong towns, putting their young men to death with the sword, smashing their little ones against the stones, and cutting open the women who are with child.

2 relevance votes

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