Leviticus 20

Bible in Basic English, Verse 20

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²⁰ And if a man has sex relations with the wife of his father's brother, he has put shame on his father's brother: their sin will be on them; till the day of their death they will have no children.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Leviticus 20:20. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 75

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ עֶרְוַ֥ת דֹּד֖וֹ גִּלָּ֑ה חֶטְאָ֥ם יִשָּׂ֖אוּ עֲרִירִ֥ים יָמֻֽתוּ׃

12 word entries

וְאִ֗ישׁ

Lemma: c/376
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H376
Occurrences: 203

אֲשֶׁ֤ר

Lemma: 834 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle relative
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H834
Occurrences: 4808

יִשְׁכַּב֙

Lemma: 7901
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7901
Occurrences: 106

אֶת

Lemma: 854
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H854
Occurrences: 674

דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ

Lemma: 1733
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1733
Occurrences: 3

עֶרְוַ֥ת

Lemma: 6172
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6172
Occurrences: 51

דֹּד֖וֹ

Lemma: 1730
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1730
Occurrences: 52

גִּלָּ֑ה

Lemma: 1540
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1540
Occurrences: 121

חֶטְאָ֥ם

Lemma: 2399
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2399
Occurrences: 26

יִשָּׂ֖אוּ

Lemma: 5375
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5375
Occurrences: 386

עֲרִירִ֥ים

Lemma: 6185
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6185
Occurrences: 4

יָמֻֽתוּ

Lemma: 4191
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4191
Occurrences: 462

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ὃς ἂν κοιμηθῇ μετὰ τῆς συγγενοῦς αὐτοῦ, ἀσχημοσύνην τῆς συγγενείας αὐτοῦ ἀπεκάλυψεν, ἄτεκνοι ἀποθανοῦνται.

14 word entries

Ὃς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hos
Morphology: relative pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: who, which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

ἂν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄν
Transliteration: an
Morphology: modal particle
Gloss: would, might
Part of Speech: modal particle
Definition: Modal particle marking contingency or potentiality.
Occurrences: 633

κοιμηθῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κοιμηθῇ
Transliteration: koimeth
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

μετὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μετά
Transliteration: meta
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with, after
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
Occurrences: 2247

τῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

συγγενοῦς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: συγγενοῦς
Transliteration: syggenoys
Morphology: nominative masculine/feminine singular or accusative plural pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἀσχημοσύνην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀσχημοσύνην
Transliteration: aschemosynen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 38

τῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

συγγενείας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: συγγενείας
Transliteration: syggeneias
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 23

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἀπεκάλυψεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπεκάλυψεν
Transliteration: apekalypsen
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

ἄτεκνοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἄτεκνοι
Transliteration: ateknoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἀποθανοῦνται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀποθανοῦνται
Transliteration: apothanoyntai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 28

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וּגְבַר דִי יִשְׁכּוּב יָת אִתַּת אַח אֲבוּהִי עֶרְיַת אַח אֲבוּהִי גַלִי חוֹבְהֶן יְקַבְּלּוּן בְּלָּא וְלָד יְמוּתוּן

16 word entries

וּגְבַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גבר
Transliteration: wgbr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 287

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1640

יִשְׁכּוּב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ישכוב
Transliteration: yshkwb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 23

יָת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 2463

אִתַּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתת
Transliteration: 'tt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 51

אַח

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אח
Transliteration: 'ch
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

אֲבוּהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבוהי
Transliteration: 'bwhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 100

עֶרְיַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ערית
Transliteration: 'ryt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 17

אַח

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אח
Transliteration: 'ch
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

אֲבוּהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבוהי
Transliteration: 'bwhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 100

גַלִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גלי
Transliteration: gly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 39

חוֹבְהֶן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חובהן
Transliteration: chwbhn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

יְקַבְּלּוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקבלון
Transliteration: yqblwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 15

בְּלָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בלא
Transliteration: bl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 12

וְלָד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולד
Transliteration: wld
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 8

יְמוּתוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ימותון
Transliteration: ymwtwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 21

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܓܒܪܐ ܕܢܕܡܟ ܥܡ ܐܢܬܬ ܕܕܗ. ܦܘܪܣܝܐ ܕܕܕܗ ܓܠܐ. ܚܛܝܬܗܘܢ ܢܩܒܠܘܢ ܘܕܠܐ ܒ̈ܢܝܢ ܢܡܘܬܘܢ.

13 word entries

ܘܓܒܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WGBR>
Morphology: W-GBR/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܢܕܡܟ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DNDMK
Morphology: D-!N!DMK[
Occurrences: 0

ܥܡ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <M
Morphology: <M
Occurrences: 0

ܐܢܬܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >NTT
Morphology: >NT(>/T
Occurrences: 0

ܕܕܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DDH
Morphology: DD/-H
Occurrences: 0

ܦܘܪܣܝܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: PWRSJ>
Morphology: PWRSJ/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܕܕܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DDDH
Morphology: D-DD/-H
Occurrences: 0

ܓܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: GL>
Morphology: GL(J&>[
Occurrences: 0

ܚܛܝܬܗܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: XVJTHWN
Morphology: XVJ==/T-HWN
Occurrences: 0

ܢܩܒܠܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NQBLWN
Morphology: !N!QBL[WN:d
Occurrences: 0

ܘܕܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WDL>
Morphology: W-D-L>
Occurrences: 0

ܒ̈ܢܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: B"NJN
Morphology: BN/JN
Occurrences: 0

ܢܡܘܬܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NMWTWN
Morphology: !N!MWT[WN
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Qui coierit cum uxore patrui vel avunculi sui, et revelaverit ignominiam cognationis suæ, portabunt ambo peccatum suum: absque liberis morientur.

20 word entries

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

coierit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: coeo
Transliteration: coierit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 15

cum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 5272

uxore

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uxor
Transliteration: uxore
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 505

patrui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: patruus
Transliteration: patrui
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 19

vel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uel
Transliteration: vel
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 195

avunculi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: auunculus
Transliteration: avunculi
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 3

sui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: sui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

revelaverit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: reuelo
Transliteration: revelaverit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 107

ignominiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ignominia
Transliteration: ignominiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 51

cognationis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cognatio
Transliteration: cognationis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 161

suae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

portabunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: porto
Transliteration: portabunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 242

ambo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ambo
Transliteration: ambo
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 51

peccatum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: peccatum
Transliteration: peccatum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 608

suum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

absque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: absque
Transliteration: absque
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 208

liberis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: liberi
Transliteration: liberis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 58

morientur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: morior
Transliteration: morientur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 600

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Leviticus 20

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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Luke 23:29

Psalms 109:13

Luke 1:25

Job 18:19

Jeremiah 22:30

Luke 1:7