Lamentations 2

Bible in Basic English, Verse 1

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¹ How has the daughter of Zion been covered with a cloud by the Lord in his wrath! he has sent down from heaven to earth the glory of Israel, and has not kept in memory the resting-place of his feet in the day of his wrath.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Lamentations 2:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 114

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אֵיכָה֩ יָעִ֨יב בְּאַפּ֤וֹ ׀ אֲדֹנָי֙ אֶת־בַּת־צִיּ֔וֹן הִשְׁלִ֤יךְ מִשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ אֶ֔רֶץ תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹא־זָכַ֥ר הֲדֹם־רַגְלָ֖יו בְּי֥וֹם אַפּֽוֹ׃ ס

18 word entries

אֵיכָה֩

Lemma: 349 b
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H349
Occurrences: 17

יָעִ֨יב

Lemma: 5743
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5743
Occurrences: 1

בְּאַפּ֤וֹ

Lemma: b/639
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H639
Occurrences: 49

אֲדֹנָי֙

Lemma: 136
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H136
Occurrences: 424

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

בַּת

Lemma: 1323
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1323
Occurrences: 388

צִיּ֔וֹן

Lemma: 6726
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6726
Occurrences: 107

הִשְׁלִ֤יךְ

Lemma: 7993
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7993
Occurrences: 53

מִשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙

Lemma: m/8064
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8064
Occurrences: 17

אֶ֔רֶץ

Lemma: 776
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H776
Occurrences: 692

תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת

Lemma: 8597
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8597
Occurrences: 33

יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל

Lemma: 3478
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3478
Occurrences: 2260

וְלֹא

Lemma: c/3808
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 1593

זָכַ֥ר

Lemma: 2142
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2142
Occurrences: 181

הֲדֹם

Lemma: 1916
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1916
Occurrences: 3

רַגְלָ֖יו

Lemma: 7272
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7272
Occurrences: 182

בְּי֥וֹם

Lemma: b/3117
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3117
Occurrences: 662

אַפּֽוֹ

Lemma: 639
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H639
Occurrences: 204

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

ΑΛΕΦ. Πῶς ἐγνόφωσεν ἐν ὀργῇ αὐτοῦ Κύριος τὴν θυγατέρα Σιών; κατέῤῥιψεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ εἰς γῆν δόξασμα Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ οὐκ ἐμνήσθη ὑποποδίου ποδῶν αὐτοῦ.

23 word entries

ΑΛΕΦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ΑΛΕΦ
Transliteration: aleph
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: ΑΛΕΦ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Πῶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πῶς
Transliteration: pos
Morphology: interrogative adverb
Gloss: how?
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Interrogative adverb meaning how.
Occurrences: 125

ἐγνόφωσεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐγνόφωσεν
Transliteration: egnophosen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

ὀργῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀργή
Transliteration: orge
Morphology: noun, feminine dative singular
Gloss: anger, wrath
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Wrath, anger, or indignation.
Occurrences: 216

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Κύριος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

θυγατέρα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θυγάτηρ
Transliteration: thygater
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: daughter
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Daughter or female descendant.
Occurrences: 506

Σιών

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Σιών
Transliteration: sion
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Σιών
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Zion.
Occurrences: 181

κατέῤῥιψεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατέῤῥιψεν
Transliteration: kateipsen
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐξ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκ
Transliteration: ek
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, out of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
Occurrences: 3500

οὐρανοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐρανός
Transliteration: ouranou
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive singular
Gloss: of heaven, of sky
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Heaven, sky, or heavenly realm.
Strong's: G3772
Occurrences: 474

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

γῆν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γῆ
Transliteration: gen
Morphology: noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss: earth, land
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's: G1093
Occurrences: 2962

δόξασμα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: δόξασμα
Transliteration: doxasma
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

Ἰσραὴλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰσραήλ
Transliteration: Israel
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Israel
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences: 2695

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οὐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

ἐμνήσθη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐμνήσθη
Transliteration: emnesthe
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 29

ὑποποδίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ὑποποδίου
Transliteration: ypopodioy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ποδῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πούς
Transliteration: podon
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive plural
Gloss: of feet
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Foot.
Occurrences: 141

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܝܟܢܐ ܐܥܝܒ ܡܪܝܐ ܒܪܘܓܙܗ ܠܒܪܬ ܨܗܝܘܢ. ܐܪܡܝ ܡܢ ܫܡܝܐ ܠܐܪܥܐ ܬܫܒܘܚܬܗ ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ. ܘܠܐ ܐܬܕܟܪ ܟܘܒܫܐ ܕܪ̈ܓܠܘܗܝ ܒܝܘܡܐ ܕܚܡܬܐ ܕܪܘܓܙܗ ܰ •

20 word entries

ܐܝܟܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟܢܐ
Transliteration: 'ykn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 202

ܐܥܝܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܥܝܒ
Transliteration: ''yb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: maryah
Morphology: divine title, emphatic form
Gloss: Lord
Occurrences: 2917

ܒܪܘܓܙܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܪܘܓܙܗ
Transliteration: brwgzh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 7

ܠܒܪܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܪܬ
Transliteration: lbrt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 6

ܨܗܝܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܨܗܝܘܢ
Transliteration: shywn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 71

ܐܪܡܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܪܡܝ
Transliteration: 'rmy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 20

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܫܡܝܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܫܡܝܐ
Transliteration: shmaya
Morphology: noun, plural/emphatic
Gloss: heavens, sky
Occurrences: 200

ܠܐܪܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܐܪܥܐ
Transliteration: l'r''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 189

ܬܫܒܘܚܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܫܒܘܚܬܗ
Transliteration: tshbwhth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 18

ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Transliteration: d'ysryl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 669

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܐܬܕܟܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܕܟܪ
Transliteration: 'tdkr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 43

ܟܘܒܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܘܒܫܐ
Transliteration: kwbsh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 3

ܕܪ̈ܓܠܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܪܓܠܘܗܝ
Transliteration: drglwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 7

ܒܝܘܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܘܡܐ
Transliteration: bywm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 327

ܕܚܡܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܚܡܬܐ
Transliteration: dhmt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 6

ܕܪܘܓܙܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܪܘܓܙܗ
Transliteration: drwgzh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 37

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אֵיכְדֵין יְקוּץ יְיָ בִּתְקוֹף רוּגְזֵיהּ יָת כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְצִיּוֹן טְלַק מִשְׁמַיָּא לְאַרְעָא תּוּשְׁבַּחְתָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְלָא דְכִיר בֵּית מוּקְדְּשָׁא דַהֲוָה גְלוּנְדְקָא דְרִגְלוֹהִי וְלָא חָס עֲלוֹהִי בְּיוֹם תְּקוֹף רְוּגְזֵיהּ׃

26 word entries

אֵיכְדֵין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איכדין
Transliteration: 'ykdyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 67

יְקוּץ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקוץ
Transliteration: yqwts
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

יְיָ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהוה
Transliteration: yy
Morphology: divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss: the Lord
Occurrences: 3908

בִּתְקוֹף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תקוף
Transliteration: btqwp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 200

רוּגְזֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רוגזיה
Transliteration: rwgzyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 72

יָת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

כְּנִשְׁתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נשתא
Transliteration: knsht'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 169

דְצִיּוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ציון
Transliteration: dtsywn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 154

טְלַק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טלק
Transliteration: tlq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 3

מִשְׁמַיָּא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: שמיא
Transliteration: mshmy'
Morphology: prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine plural emphatic
Gloss: from heavens, sky
Occurrences: 368

לְאַרְעָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ארע
Transliteration: l'r''
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss: to/for earth, land
Occurrences: 1735

תּוּשְׁבַּחְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תושבחתא
Transliteration: twshbcht'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 88

דְיִשְׂרָאֵל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ישראל
Transliteration: dyshr'l
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + proper noun
Gloss: of/that Israel
Occurrences: 2312

וְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולא
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1587

דְכִיר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כיר
Transliteration: dkyr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 26

בֵּית

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בית
Transliteration: byt
Morphology: noun construct/absolute
Gloss: house, household
Occurrences: 2611

מוּקְדְּשָׁא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וקדשא
Transliteration: mwqdsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 24

דַהֲוָה

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: הוה
Transliteration: dhwh
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + verbal root הוה
Gloss: of/that was, became, happened
Occurrences: 1114

גְלוּנְדְקָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גלונדקא
Transliteration: glwndq'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

דְרִגְלוֹהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רגלוהי
Transliteration: drglwhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 21

וְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולא
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1587

חָס

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חס
Transliteration: chs
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 23

עֲלוֹהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלוהי
Transliteration: 'lwhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 264

בְּיוֹם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יום
Transliteration: bywm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 899

תְּקוֹף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תקוף
Transliteration: tqwp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 200

רְוּגְזֵיהּ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רוגזיה
Transliteration: rwgzyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 72

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

[ Aleph Quomodo obtexit caligine in furore suo Dominus filiam Sion; projecit de cælo in terram inclytam Israël, et non est recordatus scabelli pedum suorum in die furoris sui !

27 word entries

ALEPH

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Alep
Transliteration: ALEPH
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 3

quomodo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quomodo
Transliteration: quomodo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 284

obtexit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: obtego
Transliteration: obtexit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1

caligine

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caligo
Transliteration: caligine
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 48

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

furore

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: furor
Transliteration: furore
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 233

suo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

Dominus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Dominus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

filiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filia
Transliteration: filiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 566

Sion

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Sion
Transliteration: Sion
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 174

proiecit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: proicio
Transliteration: proiecit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 167

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

caelo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caelum
Transliteration: caelo
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: heaven
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: heaven, sky
Etymology: Latin noun for heaven or sky; often normalized as caelum.
Occurrences: 740

terram

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: terra
Transliteration: terram
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: earth
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: earth, land, ground
Etymology: Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences: 3087

inclitam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inclutus
Transliteration: inclitam
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 25

Israhel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Israel
Transliteration: Israhel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2547

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

recordatus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: recordor
Transliteration: recordatus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 126

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

scabilli

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: scabellum
Transliteration: scabilli
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 15

pedum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pes
Transliteration: pedum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 362

suorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

die

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dies
Transliteration: die
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2559

furoris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: furor
Transliteration: furoris
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 233

sui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: sui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

1 Chronicles 28:2

Then David the king got up and said, Give ear to me, my brothers and my people; it was my desire to put up a house, a resting-place for the ark of the Lord's agreement, and for the foot-rest of our God; and I had got material ready for the building of it.

5 relevance votes

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Lamentations 2

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

1 Chronicles 28:2

Psalms 132:7

Luke 10:18

Ezekiel 30:18

Matthew 11:23

Joel 2:2

Psalms 99:5

Lamentations 1:1

Isaiah 64:11

Luke 10:15

Lamentations 4:1

2 Samuel 1:19