Judges 15

Bible in Basic English, Verse 8

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⁸ And he made an attack on them, driving them in uncontrolled flight, and causing great destruction; then he went away to his safe place in the crack of the rock at Etam.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Judges 15:8. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 73

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיַּ֨ךְ אוֹתָ֥ם שׁ֛וֹק עַל־יָרֵ֖ךְ מַכָּ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה וַיֵּ֣רֶד וַיֵּ֔שֶׁב בִּסְעִ֖יף סֶ֥לַע עֵיטָֽם׃ ס

12 word entries

וַיַּ֨ךְ

Lemma: c/5221
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5221
Occurrences: 262

אוֹתָ֥ם

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker + suffix
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

שׁ֛וֹק

Lemma: 7785
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7785
Occurrences: 15

עַל

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

יָרֵ֖ךְ

Lemma: 3409
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3409
Occurrences: 33

מַכָּ֣ה

Lemma: 4347
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4347
Occurrences: 34

גְדוֹלָ֑ה

Lemma: 1419 a
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H1419
Occurrences: 341

וַיֵּ֣רֶד

Lemma: c/3381
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3381
Occurrences: 161

וַיֵּ֔שֶׁב

Lemma: c/3427
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3427
Occurrences: 324

בִּסְעִ֖יף

Lemma: b/5585
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5585
Occurrences: 2

סֶ֥לַע

Lemma: 5553
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5553
Occurrences: 24

עֵיטָֽם

Lemma: 5862
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5862
Occurrences: 5

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτοὺς κνήμην ἐπὶ μηρὸν πληγὴν μεγάλην· καὶ κατέβη καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐν τρυμαλιᾷ τῆς πέτρας Ἠτάμ.

17 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐπάταξεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πατάσσω
Transliteration: epataxen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it struck
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To strike, smite, hit, or wound.
Occurrences: 233

αὐτοὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

κνήμην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κνήμην
Transliteration: knemen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐπὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: epi
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

μηρὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μηρὸν
Transliteration: meron
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

πληγὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πληγὴν
Transliteration: plegen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 34

μεγάλην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μέγας
Transliteration: megas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: great, large
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Great, large, important, or mighty.
Occurrences: 653

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

κατέβη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καταβαίνω
Transliteration: katebe
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it went down
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To go down, descend.
Occurrences: 98

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐκάθισεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καθίζω
Transliteration: ekathisen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she sat, set
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To sit, seat, set, or appoint.
Occurrences: 90

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

τρυμαλιᾷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: τρυμαλιᾷ
Transliteration: trymali
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

τῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πέτρας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πέτρα
Transliteration: petras
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular or accusative plural
Gloss: of rock, rocks
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Rock, cliff, or rocky place.
Occurrences: 47

Ἠτάμ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: Ἠτάμ
Transliteration: etam
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἠτάμ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܡܚܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܒܡܚܘܬܐ ܡܢ ܫܩ̈ܝܗܘܢ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܚ̈ܨܝܗܘܢ ܡܚܘܬܐ ܪܒܬܐ ܘܐܙܠ ܘܐܝܬܒ ܒܣܚܦ ܕܒܫܩܝܦܐ ܕܥܛܡܝܢ

14 word entries

ܘܡܚܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WMX>
Morphology: W-MX(J&>[
Occurrences: 0

ܐܢܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >NWN
Morphology: >NWN
Occurrences: 0

ܒܡܚܘܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BMXWT>
Morphology: B-MXW(>/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܡܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MN
Morphology: MN
Occurrences: 0

ܫܩ̈ܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: CQ"JHWN
Morphology: CQ/J-HWN
Occurrences: 0

ܘܥܕܡܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W<DM>
Morphology: W-<DM>
Occurrences: 0

ܠܚ̈ܨܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LX"YJHWN
Morphology: L-XY/J-HWN
Occurrences: 0

ܡܚܘܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MXWT>
Morphology: MXW(>/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܪܒܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: RBT>
Morphology: RB/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܙܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>ZL
Morphology: W->ZL[
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܝܬܒ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>JTB
Morphology: W-&>JTB[
Occurrences: 0

ܒܣܚܦ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BSXP
Morphology: B-SXP=/
Occurrences: 0

ܕܒܫܩܝܦܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DBCQJP>
Morphology: D-B-CQJP/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܥܛܡܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: D<VMJN
Morphology: D-<VMJN/
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּמְחָא יָתְהוֹן פָּרָשִׁין עִם רִגְלָאִין מְחָא סַגִיאָה וּנְחַת וִיתֵיב בִּשְׁקֵיף כֵּיף עֵיטָם׃

12 word entries

וּמְחָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מחא
Transliteration: wmch'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 92

יָתְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתהון
Transliteration: ythwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 329

פָּרָשִׁין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פרשין
Transliteration: prshyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 33

עִם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with
Occurrences: 1754

רִגְלָאִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רגלאין
Transliteration: rgl'yn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

מְחָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מחא
Transliteration: mch'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 92

סַגִיאָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סגיאה
Transliteration: sgy'h
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 28

וּנְחַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נחת
Transliteration: wncht
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 66

וִיתֵיב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתיב
Transliteration: wytyb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 232

בִּשְׁקֵיף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שקיף
Transliteration: bshqyp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 6

כֵּיף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כיף
Transliteration: kyp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 33

עֵיטָם׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עיטם
Transliteration: 'ytm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Percussitque eos ingenti plaga, ita ut stupentes suram femori imponerent. Et descendens habitavit in spelunca petræ Etam.

18 word entries

percussitque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: percutio
Transliteration: percussitque
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 576

{percussitque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {percussitque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

eos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

ingenti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ingens
Transliteration: ingenti
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 17

plaga

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: plaga
Transliteration: plaga
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 264

ita

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ita
Transliteration: ita
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 439

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4533

stupentes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: stupeo
Transliteration: stupentes
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 28

suram

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sura
Transliteration: suram
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2

femori

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: femur
Transliteration: femori
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 29

inponerent

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: impono
Transliteration: inponerent
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 151

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

descendens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: descendo
Transliteration: descendens
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 385

habitavit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: habito
Transliteration: habitavit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 650

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

spelunca

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: spelunca
Transliteration: spelunca
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 47

petrae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: petra
Transliteration: petrae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 103

Aetham

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Aethas
Transliteration: Aetham
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Ranked cross references

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