Joshua
Chapter 8
Verse 10
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Joshua 8

Bible in Basic English, Verse 10

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10 And early in the morning Joshua got up, and put the people in order, and he and the chiefs of Israel went up before the people to Ai.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Joshua 8:10. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 72
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֤ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וַיִּפְקֹ֖ד אֶת־הָעָ֑ם וַיַּ֨עַל ה֜וּא וְזִקְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָ֖ם הָעָֽי׃

13 word entries
וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֤ם
Lemma
c/7925
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H7925
Occurrences
42
יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ֙
Lemma
3091
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3091
Occurrences
196
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר
Lemma
b/1242
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H1242
Occurrences
105
וַיִּפְקֹ֖ד
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H6485
Occurrences
87
אֶת
Lemma
853
Morphology
Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H853
Occurrences
8730
הָעָ֑ם
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H5971
Occurrences
815
וַיַּ֨עַל
Lemma
c/5927
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H5927
Occurrences
322
ה֜וּא
Lemma
1931
Morphology
Hebrew: pronoun
Part of Speech
pronoun
Strong's
H1931
Occurrences
1188
וְזִקְנֵ֧י
Lemma
c/2205
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + adjective
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H2205
Occurrences
20
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל
Lemma
3478
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3478
Occurrences
2260
לִפְנֵ֥י
Lemma
l/6440
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender plural construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H6440
Occurrences
1012
הָעָ֖ם
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H5971
Occurrences
815
הָעָֽי
Lemma
d/5857
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun proper
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H5857
Occurrences
27
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ὀρθρίσας Ἰησοῦς τοπρωῒ, ἐπεσκέψατο τὸν λαόν· καὶ ἀνέβησαν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ λαοῦ ἐπὶ Γαί.

19 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ὀρθρίσας
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
orthrisas
Morphology
aorist active participle nominative masculine singular pattern, or 2nd singular verb depending on context
Gloss
having ...
Part of Speech
participle/verb form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
5
Ἰησοῦς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Iesous
Morphology
proper noun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
Joshua/Jesus
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Joshua/Jesus, biblical personal name.
Occurrences
206
τοπρωῒ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
to proi
Morphology
article plus adverbial noun/phrase
Gloss
in the morning
Part of Speech
adverbial phrase
Definition
Adverbial expression for morning or early time.
Occurrences
59
ἐπεσκέψατο
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
epeskepsato
Morphology
verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss
he/she was ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
24
τὸν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
λαόν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
laos
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
people
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
People, nation, or community.
Occurrences
1841
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἀνέβησαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
anebesan
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss
they went up
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To go up, ascend, or come up.
Occurrences
296
αὐτὸς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
οἱ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
πρεσβύτεροι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
presbyteroi
Morphology
comparative adjective/substantive, masculine nominative plural
Gloss
elders
Part of Speech
adjective/substantive
Definition
Elder, older person, or community leader.
Occurrences
153
κατὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
kata
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
according to, against, down
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of κατά.
Occurrences
1973
πρόσωπον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
prosopon
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss
face, presence
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Face, presence, person, or front.
Occurrences
1170
τοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
λαοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
laos
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
people
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
People, nation, or community.
Occurrences
1841
ἐπὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐπί
Transliteration
epi
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences
6685
Γαί
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma
Γαί
Transliteration
gai
Morphology
proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss
Γαί
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
10
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܩ̇ܕܡ ܝܫܘܥ ܒܨܦܪܐ ܘܡܢܝܗܝ ܠܥܡܐ ܘܣܠܩ ܗܘ ܘܣ̈ܒܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܠܥܝ ܩܕܡ ܥܡܐ

12 word entries
ܘܩ̇ܕܡ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
WQ^DM
Morphology
W-QDM=[:d
Occurrences
0
ܝܫܘܥ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
JCW<
Morphology
JCW</
Occurrences
0
ܒܨܦܪܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
BYPR>
Morphology
B-YPR/~>
Occurrences
0
ܘܡܢܝܗܝ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
WMNJHJ
Morphology
W-MN(J[-&JHJ
Occurrences
0
ܠܥܡܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
L<M>
Morphology
L-<M=/~>
Occurrences
0
ܘܣܠܩ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
WSLQ
Morphology
W-SLQ[
Occurrences
0
ܗܘ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
HW
Morphology
HW
Occurrences
0
ܘܣ̈ܒܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
WS"B>
Morphology
W-SB/(J~>
Occurrences
0
ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
D>JSRJL
Morphology
D->JSRJL/
Occurrences
0
ܠܥܝ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
L<J
Morphology
L-<J=/
Occurrences
0
ܩܕܡ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
QDM
Morphology
QDM/
Occurrences
0
ܥܡܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
<M>
Morphology
<M=/~>
Occurrences
0
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאַקְדִים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בְּצַפְרָא וּמְנָא יַת עַמָא וּסְלִיק הוּא וְסָבֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל קֳדָם עַמָא לָעָי׃

13 word entries
וְאַקְדִים
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
w'qdym
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
11
יְהוֹשֻׁעַ
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yhwsh'
Morphology
proper noun
Gloss
Joshua
Occurrences
200
בְּצַפְרָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
btspr'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
117
וּמְנָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
מנא
Transliteration
wmn'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
114
יַת
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ית
Transliteration
yt
Morphology
accusative/direct object marker
Gloss
direct object marker
Occurrences
4303
עַמָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
עם
Transliteration
'm'
Morphology
noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss
people
Occurrences
1754
וּסְלִיק
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wslyq
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
163
הוּא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוא
Transliteration
hw'
Morphology
personal/demonstrative pronoun
Gloss
he, it
Occurrences
992
וְסָבֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
סבי
Transliteration
wsby
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
61
יִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yshr'l
Morphology
proper noun
Gloss
Israel
Occurrences
2312
קֳדָם
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
קדם
Transliteration
qdm
Morphology
prepositional or nominal form
Gloss
before, in front of, east
Occurrences
2023
עַמָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
עם
Transliteration
'm'
Morphology
noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss
people
Occurrences
1754
לָעָי׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
לעי
Transliteration
l'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
15
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

surgensque diluculo recensuit socios, et ascendit cum senioribus in fronte exercitus, vallatus auxilio pugnatorum.

15 word entries
surgensque
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
surgo
Transliteration
surgensque
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
421
{surgensque}
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
que
Transliteration
{surgensque}
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4392
diluculo
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
diluculo
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
38
recensuit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
recensuit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
32
socios
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
socius
Transliteration
socios
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
56
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
ascendit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ascendo
Transliteration
ascendit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
671
cum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
cum
Transliteration
cum
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
5272
senioribus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
senior
Transliteration
senioribus
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
8
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
fronte
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
frons
Transliteration
fronte
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
66
exercitus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
exercitus
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
631
vallatus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uallo
Transliteration
vallatus
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
12
auxilio
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
auxilio
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
82
pugnatorum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
pugnatorum
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
28

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Joshua 7:16

So Joshua got up early in the morning, and made Israel come before him by their tribes; and the tribe of Judah was taken;

2 relevance votes

Joshua 6:12

And early in the morning Joshua got up, and the priests took up the ark of the Lord.

2 relevance votes

Joshua 3:1

Then Joshua got up early in the morning, and, moving on from Shittim, he and all the children of Israel came to Jordan and were there for the night before going over.

2 relevance votes

Psalms 119:60

I was quick to do your orders, and let no time be wasted.

2 relevance votes

Genesis 22:3

And Abraham got up early in the morning, and made ready his ass, and took with him two of his young men and Isaac, his son, and after the wood for the burned offering had been cut, he went on his way to the place of which God had given him word.

2 relevance votes
Chapter 8 of 24 Verse 10 of 35