12 They took their men and went out to make war on Ishmael, the son of Nethaniah, and they came face to face with him by the great waters in Gibeon.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Jeremiah 41:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
79
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיִּקְחוּ֙ אֶת־כָּל־ הָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִם־יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֑ה וַיִּמְצְא֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ אֶל־מַ֥יִם רַבִּ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּגִבְעֽוֹן׃
17 word entries
וַיִּקְחוּ֙
אֶת
כָּל
הָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים
וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ
לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם
עִם
בֶּן
וַיִּמְצְא֣וּ
אֹת֔וֹ
מַ֥יִם
רַבִּ֖ים
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ἐγενήθη λόγος Κυρίου πρὸς Ἱερεμίαν, λέγων,
7 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἐγενήθη
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- γίνομαι
- Transliteration
- egenethe
- Morphology
- verb, aorist passive/deponent indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it became, happened
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
- Occurrences
- 1418
λόγος
- Status
- Machine-aligned lexicon entry
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
- Note
- Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
- Lemma
- λόγος
- Transliteration
- logos
- Morphology
- noun
- Gloss
- Word
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Word, speech, account, matter, or reason.
- Strong's
- G3056
- Occurrences
- 1103
Κυρίου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
πρὸς
- Status
- Machine-aligned lexicon entry
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
- Note
- Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
- Lemma
- πρὸς
- Transliteration
- pros
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- with/toward
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- with/toward
- Strong's
- G4314
- Occurrences
- 3989
Ἱερεμίαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἱερεμίαν
- Transliteration
- ieremian
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἱερεμίαν
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 31
λέγων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- λέγω
- Transliteration
- legon
- Morphology
- participle, present active masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- saying
- Part of Speech
- participle
- Definition
- To say or speak.
- Occurrences
- 5490
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܕܒܪ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܓܒܪܐ ܘܐܙܠ ܠܡܬܟܬܫܘ ܥܡ ܐܝܫܡܥܝܠ ܒܪ ܢܬܢܝܐ ܘܐܫܟܚܘܗܝ ܥܠ ܡ̈ܝܐ ܣ̈ܓܝܐܐ ܕܐܝܬ ܒܓܒܥܘܢ
15 word entries
ܘܕܒܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܒܪ
- Transliteration
- wdbr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 58
ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- klhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 719
ܓܒܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܒܪܐ
- Transliteration
- gbr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 622
ܘܐܙܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܙܠ
- Transliteration
- w'zl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 191
ܠܡܬܟܬܫܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܬܟܬܫܘ
- Transliteration
- lmtktshw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 33
ܥܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡ
- Transliteration
- 'm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 697
ܐܝܫܡܥܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܫܡܥܝܠ
- Transliteration
- 'yshm'yl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 21
ܒܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܒܪ
- Transliteration
- bar
- Morphology
- noun, masculine construct singular
- Gloss
- son
- Occurrences
- 1284
ܢܬܢܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܬܢܝܐ
- Transliteration
- ntny'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 29
ܘܐܫܟܚܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܫܟܚܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- w'shkhwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 7
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3346
ܡ̈ܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܡܝܐ
- Transliteration
- maya
- Morphology
- noun, plural form
- Gloss
- waters
- Occurrences
- 206
ܣ̈ܓܝܐܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Transliteration
- sgy''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 345
ܕܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- d'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 277
ܒܓܒܥܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܓܒܥܘܢ
- Transliteration
- bgb'wn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 6
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וּדְבָרוּ יַת כָּל גַבְרַיָא וַאֲזַלוּ לְאַגָחָא עַל יִשְׁמָעֵאל בַּר נְתַנְיָה וְאַשְׁכָּחוּ יָתֵיהּ עַל בְּרִיכַת מַיִין סַגִיאִין דִי בְּגִבְעוֹן׃
18 word entries
וּדְבָרוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דברו
- Transliteration
- wdbrw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 17
יַת
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ית
- Transliteration
- yt
- Morphology
- accusative/direct object marker
- Gloss
- direct object marker
- Occurrences
- 4303
כָּל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- כל
- Transliteration
- kl
- Morphology
- collective noun/adjective
- Gloss
- all, every
- Occurrences
- 2135
גַבְרַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גבריא
- Transliteration
- gbry'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 191
וַאֲזַלוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אזלו
- Transliteration
- w'zlw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 118
לְאַגָחָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אגחא
- Transliteration
- l'gch'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 79
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
יִשְׁמָעֵאל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ישמעאל
- Transliteration
- yshm''l
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 38
בַּר
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- br
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular
- Gloss
- son
- Occurrences
- 2734
נְתַנְיָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נתניה
- Transliteration
- ntnyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 20
וְאַשְׁכָּחוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אשכחו
- Transliteration
- w'shkchw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 28
יָתֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יתיה
- Transliteration
- ytyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 381
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
בְּרִיכַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ריכת
- Transliteration
- brykt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
מַיִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יין
- Transliteration
- myyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 19
סַגִיאִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סגיאין
- Transliteration
- sgy'yn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 188
דִי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- די
- Transliteration
- dy
- Morphology
- relative/genitive particle
- Gloss
- of, that, which
- Occurrences
- 1711
בְּגִבְעוֹן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גבעון
- Transliteration
- bgb'wn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 34
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
et assumptis universis viris, profecti sunt ut bellarent adversum Ismahel filium Nathaniæ: et invenerunt eum ad aquas multas quæ sunt in Gabaon.
22 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
adsumptis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- assumo
- Transliteration
- adsumptis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 173
universis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uniuersus
- Transliteration
- universis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 889
viris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uir
- Transliteration
- viris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1641
profecti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- proficiscor
- Transliteration
- profecti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 153
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
bellarent
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- bello
- Transliteration
- bellarent
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 32
adversum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aduersus
- Transliteration
- adversum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 428
Ismahel
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Ismael
- Transliteration
- Ismahel
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 47
filium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- filium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
Nathaniae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Nathania
- Transliteration
- Nathaniae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 21
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
invenerunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- inuenio
- Transliteration
- invenerunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 682
eum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
aquas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aqua
- Transliteration
- aquas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 692
Multas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- multus
- Transliteration
- Multas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1032
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
Gabaon
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Gabaon
- Transliteration
- Gabaon
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 34
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
2 Samuel 2:13
And Joab, the son of Zeruiah, and the servants of David, went out and came face to face with them by the pool of Gibeon; and they took up their position, facing one another on opposite sides of the pool.
5 relevance votes
Chapter 41 · 41 of 52 available
Verse 12 of 18