2 Who sent out from the east one who is right wherever he goes? he gives the nations into his hands, and makes him ruler over kings; he gives them as the dust to his sword, as dry stems before the wind to his bow.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 41:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
123
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
מִ֤י הֵעִיר֙ מִמִּזְרָ֔ח צֶ֖דֶק יִקְרָאֵ֣הוּ לְרַגְל֑וֹ יִתֵּ֨ן לְפָנָ֤יו גּוֹיִם֙ וּמְלָכִ֣ים יַ֔רְדְּ יִתֵּ֤ן כֶּֽעָפָר֙ חַרְבּ֔וֹ כְּקַ֥שׁ נִדָּ֖ף קַשְׁתּֽוֹ׃
17 word entries
הֵעִיר֙
מִמִּזְרָ֔ח
צֶ֖דֶק
יִקְרָאֵ֣הוּ
לְרַגְל֑וֹ
יִתֵּ֨ן
לְפָנָ֤יו
גּוֹיִם֙
וּמְלָכִ֣ים
יַ֔רְדְּ
יִתֵּ֤ן
כֶּֽעָפָר֙
חַרְבּ֔וֹ
כְּקַ֥שׁ
נִדָּ֖ף
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Τίς ἐξήγειρεν ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν δικαιοσύνην, ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὴν κατὰ πόδας αὐτοῦ, καὶ πορεύσεται; δώσει ἐναντίον ἐθνῶν, καὶ βασιλεῖς ἐκστήσει· καὶ δώσει εἰς γῆν τὰς μαχαίρας αὐτῶν, καὶ ὡς φρύγανα ἐξωσμένα τὰ τόξα αὐτῶν.
32 word entries
Τίς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- τίς
- Transliteration
- tis
- Morphology
- interrogative/indefinite pronoun
- Gloss
- who, someone
- Part of Speech
- interrogative/indefinite pronoun
- Definition
- Interrogative or indefinite pronoun depending on accent/context.
- Occurrences
- 1124
ἐξήγειρεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐξήγειρεν
- Transliteration
- exegeiren
- Morphology
- verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἀπὸ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀπό
- Transliteration
- apo
- Morphology
- preposition with genitive
- Gloss
- from, away from
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
- Occurrences
- 3869
ἀνατολῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀνατολή
- Transliteration
- anatolon
- Morphology
- noun, feminine genitive plural
- Gloss
- of east; of risings
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Rising, east, or sunrise.
- Occurrences
- 135
δικαιοσύνην
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δικαιοσύνη
- Transliteration
- dikaiosyne
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- righteousness, justice
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Righteousness, justice, uprightness.
- Occurrences
- 284
ἐκάλεσεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καλέω
- Transliteration
- ekalesen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it called
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To call, name, summon.
- Occurrences
- 199
αὐτὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
κατὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κατά
- Transliteration
- kata
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- according to, against, down
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of κατά.
- Occurrences
- 1973
πόδας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πούς
- Transliteration
- podas
- Morphology
- noun, masculine accusative plural
- Gloss
- feet
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Foot.
- Occurrences
- 141
αὐτοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
πορεύσεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πορεύσεται
- Transliteration
- poreysetai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 25
δώσει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δίδωμι
- Transliteration
- dosei
- Morphology
- verb, future active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will give
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To give.
- Occurrences
- 1384
ἐναντίον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐναντίον
- Transliteration
- enantion
- Morphology
- preposition/adverb
- Gloss
- before, opposite, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition/adverb
- Definition
- Before, opposite, in the presence of, or against.
- Occurrences
- 414
ἐθνῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἔθνος
- Transliteration
- ethnos
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- nation, people
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Nation, people, Gentile group, or ethnic body.
- Occurrences
- 917
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
βασιλεῖς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- βασιλεύς
- Transliteration
- basileus
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- king
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- King or ruler.
- Occurrences
- 3067
ἐκστήσει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐκστήσει
- Transliteration
- ekstesei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
δώσει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δίδωμι
- Transliteration
- dosei
- Morphology
- verb, future active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will give
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To give.
- Occurrences
- 1384
εἰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰς
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- preposition with accusative
- Gloss
- into, to, for
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
- Occurrences
- 6787
γῆν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- γῆ
- Transliteration
- gen
- Morphology
- noun, feminine accusative singular
- Gloss
- earth, land
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Earth, ground, or land.
- Strong's
- G1093
- Occurrences
- 2962
τὰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
μαχαίρας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- μάχαιρα
- Transliteration
- machairas
- Morphology
- noun, feminine accusative plural or genitive singular
- Gloss
- swords
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Sword, dagger, or large knife.
- Occurrences
- 156
αὐτῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ὡς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὡς
- Transliteration
- hos
- Morphology
- comparative conjunction/adverb
- Gloss
- as, like, when
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/adverb
- Definition
- Comparative or temporal conjunction/adverb.
- Occurrences
- 1899
φρύγανα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- φρύγανα
- Transliteration
- phrygana
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
ἐξωσμένα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐξωσμένα
- Transliteration
- exosmena
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
τὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
τόξα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- τόξα
- Transliteration
- toxa
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 8
αὐτῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܢܘ ܐܥܝܪ ܙܕܝܩܘܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܕܢܚܐ ܘܩܪܗ̇ ܠܪܓܠܗ ܢܫܬܠܡܘܢ ܩܕܡܘܗܝ ܥܡ̈ܡܐ ܘܡ̈ܠܟܐ ܢܬܘܪܘܢ ܢܬܠ ܐܝܟ ܥܦܪܐ ܚܪܒܗ ܘܐܝܟ ܩܫܬܐ ܕܢ̇ܬܪܐ ܩܫܬܗ
20 word entries
ܡܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܘ
- Transliteration
- mnw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 227
ܐܥܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܥܝܪ
- Transliteration
- ''yr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 6
ܙܕܝܩܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܙܕܝܩܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- zdyqwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 52
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5552
ܡܕܢܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܕܢܚܐ
- Transliteration
- mdnh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 27
ܘܩܪܗ̇
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܪܗ
- Transliteration
- wqrh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 12
ܠܪܓܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܪܓܠܗ
- Transliteration
- lrglh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܢܫܬܠܡܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܫܬܠܡܘܢ
- Transliteration
- nshtlmwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 8
ܩܕܡܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܕܡܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- qdmwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 171
ܥܡ̈ܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܡܐ
- Transliteration
- 'mm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 352
ܘܡ̈ܠܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܠܟܐ
- Transliteration
- wmlk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 81
ܢܬܘܪܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܬܘܪܘܢ
- Transliteration
- ntwrwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܢܬܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܬܠ
- Transliteration
- ntl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 48
ܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- 'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2051
ܥܦܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܦܪܐ
- Transliteration
- 'pr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 56
ܚܪܒܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܪܒܗ
- Transliteration
- hrbh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 6
ܘܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- w'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 326
ܩܫܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܫܬܐ
- Transliteration
- qsht'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 22
ܕܢ̇ܬܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܬܪܐ
- Transliteration
- dntr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܩܫܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܫܬܗ
- Transliteration
- qshth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
מַן אַיְתֵי בִגְלַאי מִמַדִינְחָא אַבְרָהָם בְּחִיר צַדִיקַיָא בִּקְשׁוֹט קַרְבֵהּ לְאַתְרֵהּ מְסַר קֳדָמוֹהִי עַמְמִין וּמַלְכִין תַּקִיפִין תְּבַר רְמָא כְּעַפְרָא קָטוֹלִין קֳדָם חַרְבֵּהּ כְּקַשָׁא רְדוֹפִין קֳדָם קַשְׁתֵּהּ׃
25 word entries
מַן
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מן
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- from, out of, than
- Occurrences
- 2836
אַיְתֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- איתי
- Transliteration
- 'yty
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 112
בִגְלַאי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גלאי
- Transliteration
- bgl'y
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
מִמַדִינְחָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מדינחא
- Transliteration
- mmdynch'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 34
אַבְרָהָם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אברהם
- Transliteration
- 'brhm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 77
בְּחִיר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חיר
- Transliteration
- bchyr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 38
צַדִיקַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- צדיקיא
- Transliteration
- tsdyqy'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 212
בִּקְשׁוֹט
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קשוט
- Transliteration
- bqshwt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 113
קַרְבֵהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קרבה
- Transliteration
- qrbh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
לְאַתְרֵהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתרה
- Transliteration
- l'trh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 10
מְסַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מסר
- Transliteration
- msr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 69
קֳדָמוֹהִי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קדמוהי
- Transliteration
- qdmwhy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 214
עַמְמִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עממין
- Transliteration
- 'mmyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 116
וּמַלְכִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מלכין
- Transliteration
- wmlkyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 12
תַּקִיפִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תקיפין
- Transliteration
- tqypyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 84
תְּבַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תבר
- Transliteration
- tbr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 70
רְמָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רמא
- Transliteration
- rm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 57
כְּעַפְרָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עפרא
- Transliteration
- k'pr'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 74
קָטוֹלִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קטולין
- Transliteration
- qtwlyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 23
קֳדָם
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- קדם
- Transliteration
- qdm
- Morphology
- prepositional or nominal form
- Gloss
- before, in front of, east
- Occurrences
- 2023
חַרְבֵּהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חרבה
- Transliteration
- chrbh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
כְּקַשָׁא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קשא
- Transliteration
- kqsh'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 13
רְדוֹפִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רדופין
- Transliteration
- rdwpyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
קֳדָם
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- קדם
- Transliteration
- qdm
- Morphology
- prepositional or nominal form
- Gloss
- before, in front of, east
- Occurrences
- 2023
קַשְׁתֵּהּ׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קשתה
- Transliteration
- qshth
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Quis suscitavit ab oriente Justum, vocavit eum ut sequeretur se? Dabit in conspectu ejus gentes, et reges obtinebit: dabit quasi pulverem gladio ejus, sicut stipulam vento raptam arcui ejus.
29 word entries
quis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quis
- Transliteration
- quis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1619
suscitavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suscito
- Transliteration
- suscitavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 163
ab
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- ab
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
oriente
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Oriens
- Transliteration
- oriente
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 23
iustum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iustus
- Transliteration
- iustum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 427
vocavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uoco
- Transliteration
- vocavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 652
eum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
sequeretur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sequor
- Transliteration
- sequeretur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 281
se
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sui
- Transliteration
- se
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1317
dabit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- do
- Transliteration
- dabit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2116
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
conspectu
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- conspectus
- Transliteration
- conspectu
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 413
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
gentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gens
- Transliteration
- gentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 873
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
reges
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- rex
- Transliteration
- reges
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2981
obtinebit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- obtineo
- Transliteration
- obtinebit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 69
dabit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- do
- Transliteration
- dabit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2116
quasi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quasi
- Transliteration
- quasi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 989
pulverem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- puluis
- Transliteration
- pulverem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 89
gladio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gladius
- Transliteration
- gladio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 462
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
sicut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sicut
- Transliteration
- sicut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1559
stipulam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- stipula
- Transliteration
- stipulam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 20
vento
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uentus
- Transliteration
- vento
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 113
raptam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- rapio
- Transliteration
- raptam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 65
arcui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- arcus
- Transliteration
- arcui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 69
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Isaiah 45:1
The Lord says to the man of his selection, to Cyrus, whom I have taken by the right hand, putting down nations before him, and taking away the arms of kings; making the doors open before him, so that the ways into the towns may not be shut;
7 relevance votes2 Samuel 22:43
Then they were crushed as small as the dust of the earth, stamped down under my feet like the waste of the streets.
6 relevance votesIsaiah 41:25
I have sent for one from the north, and from the dawn he has come; in my name he will get rulers together and go against them; they will be like dust, even as the wet earth is stamped on by the feet of the potter.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 40:24
They have only now been planted, and their seed put into the earth, and they have only now taken root, when he sends out his breath over them and they become dry, and the storm-wind takes them away like dry grass.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 46:11
Sending for a bird of strong flight from the east, the man of my purpose from a far country; I have said it, and I will give effect to it; the thing designed by me will certainly be done.
5 relevance votesEzra 1:2
These are the words of Cyrus, king of Persia: The Lord God of heaven has given me all the kingdoms of the earth; and he has made me responsible for building a house for him in Jerusalem, which is in Judah.
5 relevance votes2 Chronicles 36:23
Cyrus, king of Persia, has said, All the kingdoms of the earth have been given to me by the Lord, the God of heaven; and he has made me responsible for building a house for him in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Whoever there is among you of all his people, may the Lord his God be with him and let him go up.
3 relevance votesIsaiah 45:13
I have sent him out to overcome the nations, and I will make all his ways straight: I will give him the work of building my town, and he will let my prisoners go free, without price or reward, says the Lord of armies.
3 relevance votesGenesis 17:1
When Abram was ninety-nine years old, the Lord came to him, and said, I am God, Ruler of all; go in my ways and be upright in all things,
2 relevance votesHebrews 7:1
For this Melchizedek, the king of Salem, a priest of the Most High God, who gave Abraham his blessing, meeting him when he came back after putting the kings to death,
2 relevance votes2 Kings 13:7
For out of all his army, Jehoahaz had only fifty horsemen and ten carriages and ten thousand footmen; the king of Aram had given them up to destruction, crushing them like dust.
2 relevance votesGenesis 11:31
And Terah took Abram, his son, and Lot, the son of Haran, and Sarai, his daughter-in-law, the wife of his son Abram and they went out from Ur of the Chaldees, to go to the land of Canaan; and they came to Haran, and were there for some time.
2 relevance votes