Hosea 10

Bible in Basic English, Verse 15

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¹⁵ So will Beth-el do to you because of your evil-doing; at dawn will the king of Israel be cut off completely.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Hosea 10:15. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 63

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

כָּ֗כָה עָשָׂ֤ה לָכֶם֙ בֵּֽית־אֵ֔ל מִפְּנֵ֖י רָעַ֣ת רָֽעַתְכֶ֑ם בַּשַּׁ֕חַר נִדְמֹ֥ה נִדְמָ֖ה מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

13 word entries

כָּ֗כָה

Lemma: 3602
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H3602
Occurrences: 33

עָשָׂ֤ה

Lemma: 6213 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6213
Occurrences: 1634

לָכֶם֙

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

בֵּֽית

Lemma: 1008+
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1008
Occurrences: 45

אֵ֔ל

Lemma: 1008
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1008
Occurrences: 72

מִפְּנֵ֖י

Lemma: m/6440
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender plural construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6440
Occurrences: 296

רָעַ֣ת

Lemma: 7451 c
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7451
Occurrences: 165

רָֽעַתְכֶ֑ם

Lemma: 7451 c
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7451
Occurrences: 165

בַּשַּׁ֕חַר

Lemma: b/7837
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7837
Occurrences: 1

נִדְמֹ֥ה

Lemma: 1820
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1820
Occurrences: 15

נִדְמָ֖ה

Lemma: 1820
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1820
Occurrences: 15

מֶ֥לֶךְ

Lemma: 4428
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4428
Occurrences: 1112

יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

Lemma: 3478
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3478
Occurrences: 2260

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

οὕτως ποιήσω ὑμῖν οἶκος τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ προσώπου ἀδικίας κακιῶν ὑμῶν.

11 word entries

οὕτως

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὕτως
Transliteration: houtos
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: thus, so
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Thus, so, in this way.
Occurrences: 776

ποιήσω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ποιέω
Transliteration: poieso
Morphology: verb, future active indicative, 1st singular
Gloss: I will make, I will do
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To make, do, perform, or produce.
Strong's: G4160
Occurrences: 2253

ὑμῖν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

οἶκος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οἶκος
Transliteration: oikos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: house, household
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: House, household, or temple.
Occurrences: 1831

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Ἰσραὴλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰσραήλ
Transliteration: Israel
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Israel
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences: 2695

ἀπὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀπό
Transliteration: apo
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, away from
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
Occurrences: 3869

προσώπου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πρόσωπον
Transliteration: prosopon
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: face, presence
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Face, presence, person, or front.
Occurrences: 1170

ἀδικίας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀδικία
Transliteration: adikias
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular or accusative plural
Gloss: injustice, unrighteousness
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Injustice, unrighteousness, wrong, or iniquity.
Occurrences: 166

κακιῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κακιῶν
Transliteration: kakion
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ὑμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܗܟܢܐ ܥܒܕܘ ܠܟܘܢ ܒܝܬ ܐܝܠ ܡܢ ܩܕܡ ܒܝܫܘܬ ܒܝܫܘܬܟܘܢ ܒܫܦܪܐ ܬܘܪ ܘܒܗܬ ܡܠܟܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ

14 word entries

ܗܟܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܟܢܐ
Transliteration: hkn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 718

ܥܒܕܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܒܕܘ
Transliteration: 'bdw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 90

ܠܟܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܟܘܢ
Transliteration: lkwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 307

ܒܝܬ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܝܬ
Transliteration: beth
Morphology: noun, construct form
Gloss: house of
Occurrences: 480

ܐܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܠ
Transliteration: 'yl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 46

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܩܕܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܕܡ
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1019

ܒܝܫܘܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܫܘܬ
Transliteration: byshwt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 6

ܒܝܫܘܬܟܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܫܘܬܟܘܢ
Transliteration: byshwtkwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 2

ܒܫܦܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܫܦܪܐ
Transliteration: bshpr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 5

ܬܘܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܘܪ
Transliteration: twr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܘܒܗܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܗܬ
Transliteration: wbht
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Transliteration: d'ysryl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 669

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

כֵּן גְרָמוּ לְכוֹן חוֹבִין דְחַבְתּוּן בְּבֵית אֵל מִן קֳדָם בִּישׁוּת עוֹבָדֵיכוֹן בְּסוֹפָא בְּהִית וְאִתְכְּנַע מַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל׃

16 word entries

כֵּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כן
Transliteration: kn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 422

גְרָמוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גרמו
Transliteration: grmw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 14

לְכוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כון
Transliteration: lkwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 384

חוֹבִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חובין
Transliteration: chwbyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 55

דְחַבְתּוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חבתון
Transliteration: dchbtwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

בְּבֵית

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בית
Transliteration: bbyt
Morphology: prefixed preposition ב + noun construct/absolute
Gloss: in/with house, household
Occurrences: 2611

אֵל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אל
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 80

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

קֳדָם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קדם
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: prepositional or nominal form
Gloss: before, in front of, east
Occurrences: 2023

בִּישׁוּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ישות
Transliteration: byshwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 15

עוֹבָדֵיכוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עובדיכון
Transliteration: 'wbdykwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 29

בְּסוֹפָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סופא
Transliteration: bswp'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 27

בְּהִית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הית
Transliteration: bhyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 4

וְאִתְכְּנַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתכנע
Transliteration: w'tkn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 8

מַלְכָּא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk'
Morphology: prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: from king
Occurrences: 2509

דְיִשְׂרָאֵל׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ישראל
Transliteration: dyshr'l
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + proper noun
Gloss: of/that Israel
Occurrences: 2312

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Sic fecit vobis Bethel, a facie malitiæ nequitiarum vestrarum.]

9 word entries

sic

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sic
Transliteration: sic
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 584

fecit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facio
Transliteration: fecit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 4719

vobis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uos
Transliteration: vobis
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 2958

Bethel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Bethel
Transliteration: Bethel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 65

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ab
Transliteration: a
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3693

facie

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facies
Transliteration: facie
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 793

malitiae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: malitia
Transliteration: malitiae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 113

nequitiarum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nequitia
Transliteration: nequitiarum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 32

vestrarum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uester
Transliteration: vestrarum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 1504

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Hosea 10

Source Text Study

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