Ezra 4

Bible in Basic English, Verse 6

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⁶ And in the time of Ahasuerus, when he first became king, they put on record a statement against the people of Judah and Jerusalem.

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Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ezra 4:6. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 4

Word Entries 67

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וּבְמַלְכוּת֙ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ בִּתְחִלַּ֖ת מַלְכוּת֑וֹ כָּתְב֣וּ שִׂטְנָ֔ה עַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה וִירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ ס

10 word entries

וּבְמַלְכוּת֙

Lemma: c/b/4438
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4438
Occurrences: 2

אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ

Lemma: 325
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H325
Occurrences: 32

בִּתְחִלַּ֖ת

Lemma: b/8462
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8462
Occurrences: 16

מַלְכוּת֑וֹ

Lemma: 4438
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4438
Occurrences: 58

כָּתְב֣וּ

Lemma: 3789
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3789
Occurrences: 125

שִׂטְנָ֔ה

Lemma: 7855
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7855
Occurrences: 1

עַל

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

יֹשְׁבֵ֥י

Lemma: 3427
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3427
Occurrences: 600

יְהוּדָ֖ה

Lemma: 3063
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3063
Occurrences: 682

וִירוּשָׁלִָֽם

Lemma: c/3389
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3389
Occurrences: 34

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐν βασιλείᾳ Ἀσσουήρου, καὶ ἐν ἀρχῇ βασιλείας αὐτοῦ ἔγραψαν ἐπιστολὴν ἐπὶ οἰκοῦντας Ἰούδα καὶ Ἱερουσαλήμ.

16 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

βασιλείᾳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεία
Transliteration: basileia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: kingdom, reign
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Kingdom, reign, royal power, or dominion.
Occurrences: 343

Ἀσσουήρου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀσσουήρου
Transliteration: assoyeroy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

ἀρχῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀρχῇ
Transliteration: arch
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 28

βασιλείας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεία
Transliteration: basileia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: kingdom, reign
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Kingdom, reign, royal power, or dominion.
Occurrences: 343

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἔγραψαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἔγραψαν
Transliteration: egrapsan
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἔγραψαν
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

ἐπιστολὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπιστολὴν
Transliteration: epistolen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

ἐπὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: epi
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

οἰκοῦντας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: οἰκοῦντας
Transliteration: oikoyntas
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

Ἰούδα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰούδα
Transliteration: Iouda
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Judah, Judas
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Judah/Judas depending on context.
Occurrences: 692

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

Ἱερουσαλήμ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἱερουσαλήμ
Transliteration: Ierousalem
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Jerusalem
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Jerusalem.
Occurrences: 763

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܒܡܠܟܘܬ ܐܚܫܝܪܫ ܡܠܟܐ ܒܪܝܫ ܡܠܟܘܬܗ ܟ̣ܬܒ ܚܛܝܢܐ ܥܠ ܥܡܘܪ̈ܝܗ̇ ܕܝܗܘܕ ܘܕܐܘܪܫܠܡ

11 word entries

ܘܒܡܠܟܘܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܡܠܟܘܬ
Transliteration: wbmlkwt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܐܚܫܝܪܫ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܚܫܝܪܫ
Transliteration: 'hshyrsh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܒܪܝܫ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܪܝܫ
Transliteration: brysh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 31

ܡܠܟܘܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܘܬܗ
Transliteration: mlkwth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 36

ܟ̣ܬܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܬܒ
Transliteration: ktb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 28

ܚܛܝܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܛܝܢܐ
Transliteration: htyn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 1

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3346

ܥܡܘܪ̈ܝܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܡܘܪܝܗ
Transliteration: 'mwryh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 83

ܕܝܗܘܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܝܗܘܕ
Transliteration: dyhwd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 25

ܘܕܐܘܪܫܠܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܕܐܘܪܫܠܡ
Transliteration: wd'wrshlm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

In regno autem Assueri, in principio regni ejus, scripserunt accusationem adversus habitatores Judæ et Jerusalem.

30 word entries

semper

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: semper
Transliteration: semper
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 180

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

alia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: alius
Transliteration: alia
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 577

omnia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnia
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: .
Transliteration: .
Morphology: GreLa POS: other
Occurrences: 129

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

quotquot

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quotquot
Transliteration: quotquot
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 18

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

militant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: milito
Transliteration: militant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 10

nec

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nec
Transliteration: nec
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 750

pugnant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pugno
Transliteration: pugnant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 178

sed

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sed
Transliteration: sed
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1637

colunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: colo
Transliteration: colunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 77

terram

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: terra
Transliteration: terram
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: earth
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: earth, land, ground
Etymology: Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences: 3087

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ,
Transliteration: ,
Morphology: GreLa POS: other
Occurrences: 274

rursum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rursus
Transliteration: rursum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 143

cum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cum
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5272

fuerint

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: fuerint
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

metentes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meto
Transliteration: metentes
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 37

adferunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: affero
Transliteration: adferunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 174

regi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rex
Transliteration: regi
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2981

;

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ;
Transliteration: ;
Morphology: GreLa POS: other
Occurrences: 131

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

alter

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: alter
Transliteration: alter
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 319

alterum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: alter
Transliteration: alterum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 319

cogentes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cogo
Transliteration: cogentes
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 31

adferunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: affero
Transliteration: adferunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 174

tributa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tributum
Transliteration: tributa
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 44

regi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rex
Transliteration: regi
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2981

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: .
Transliteration: .
Morphology: GreLa POS: other
Occurrences: 129

Source availability notes

These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.

Targum Aramaic not in current source set
No license-clean Targum panel is currently mapped for this book in the imported public-domain source set.

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Ezra 4

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