15 That which is bent may not be made straight, and that which is not there may not be numbered.
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ecclesiastes 1:15. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
מְעֻוָּ֖ת לֹא־יוּכַ֣ל לִתְקֹ֑ן וְחֶסְר֖וֹן לֹא־יוּכַ֥ל לְהִמָּנֽוֹת׃
מְעֻוָּ֖ת
יוּכַ֣ל
לִתְקֹ֑ן
וְחֶסְר֖וֹן
יוּכַ֥ל
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Διεστραμμένον οὐ δυνήσεται ἐπικοσμηθῆναι, καὶ ὑστέρημα οὐ δυνήσεται ἀριθμηθῆναι.
Διεστραμμένον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- διεστραμμένον
- Transliteration
- diestrammenon
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
οὐ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- οὐ
- Transliteration
- ou
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Part of Speech
- particle
- Definition
- Negative particle before rough breathing.
- Occurrences
- 5892
δυνήσεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- δυνήσεται
- Transliteration
- dynesetai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 29
ἐπικοσμηθῆναι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐπικοσμηθῆναι
- Transliteration
- epikosmethenai
- Morphology
- nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/verb form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ὑστέρημα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὑστέρημα
- Transliteration
- ysterema
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
οὐ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- οὐ
- Transliteration
- ou
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Part of Speech
- particle
- Definition
- Negative particle before rough breathing.
- Occurrences
- 5892
δυνήσεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- δυνήσεται
- Transliteration
- dynesetai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 29
ἀριθμηθῆναι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἀριθμηθῆναι
- Transliteration
- arithmethenai
- Morphology
- nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/verb form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܕܘܕܐ ܠܐ ܡܫܟܚ ܠܡܬܩܢ ܘܚܣܝܪܐ ܠܐ ܡܫܟܚ ܠܡܬܡܠܝܘ
ܡܕܘܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܕܘܕܐ
- Transliteration
- mdwd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 2566
ܡܫܟܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܟܚ
- Transliteration
- mshkh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 130
ܠܡܬܩܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܬܩܢ
- Transliteration
- lmtqn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܚܣܝܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܣܝܪܐ
- Transliteration
- whsyr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 2566
ܡܫܟܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܟܚ
- Transliteration
- mshkh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 130
ܠܡܬܡܠܝܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܬܡܠܝܘ
- Transliteration
- lmtmlyw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
גְּבַר דִּסְרִיכָן אוֹרְחָתֵיהּ בְּעַלְמָא הָדֵין וּמִית בְּהוֹן וְלָא הֲדַּר בִּתְיוּבְתָּא לֵית לֵיהּ רְשׁוּ לִאִיתַקְנָא בָּתַר מוֹתֵיהּ וּגְבַר חֲסַר מִן אוֹרַיְתָא וּפִקוּדַיָּא בְּחַיּוֹהִי בָּתַר מוֹתֵיהּ לֵית לֵיהּ רְשׁוּ לְאִיתְמְנָאָה עִם צַדִּיקַיָּא בְּגִנְּתָא דְּעֵדֶן׃
גְּבַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גבר
- Transliteration
- gbr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 627
דִּסְרִיכָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סריכן
- Transliteration
- dsrykn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
אוֹרְחָתֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אורחתיה
- Transliteration
- 'wrchtyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 33
בְּעַלְמָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עלמא
- Transliteration
- b'lm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 549
הָדֵין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הדין
- Transliteration
- hdyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 604
וּמִית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מית
- Transliteration
- wmyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 156
בְּהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הון
- Transliteration
- bhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1262
וְלָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ולא
- Transliteration
- wl'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1587
הֲדַּר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הדר
- Transliteration
- hdr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 7
בִּתְיוּבְתָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תיובתא
- Transliteration
- btywbt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 31
לֵית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לית
- Transliteration
- lyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 629
לֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ליה
- Transliteration
- lyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1154
רְשׁוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רשו
- Transliteration
- rshw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 20
לִאִיתַקְנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- איתקנא
- Transliteration
- l'ytqn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
בָּתַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בתר
- Transliteration
- btr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 428
מוֹתֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ותיה
- Transliteration
- mwtyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 112
וּגְבַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גבר
- Transliteration
- wgbr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 627
חֲסַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חסר
- Transliteration
- chsr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 10
מִן
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מן
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- from, out of, than
- Occurrences
- 2836
אוֹרַיְתָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- אוריתא
- Transliteration
- 'wryt'
- Morphology
- noun feminine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- law, Torah
- Occurrences
- 299
וּפִקוּדַיָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פקודיא
- Transliteration
- wpqwdy'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 27
בְּחַיּוֹהִי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חיוהי
- Transliteration
- bchywhy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 27
בָּתַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בתר
- Transliteration
- btr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 428
מוֹתֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ותיה
- Transliteration
- mwtyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 112
לֵית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לית
- Transliteration
- lyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 629
לֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ליה
- Transliteration
- lyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1154
רְשׁוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רשו
- Transliteration
- rshw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 20
לְאִיתְמְנָאָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- איתמנאה
- Transliteration
- l'ytmn'h
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
עִם
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- עם
- Transliteration
- 'm
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- with
- Occurrences
- 1754
צַדִּיקַיָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- צדיקיא
- Transliteration
- tsdyqy'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 212
בְּגִנְּתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גנתא
- Transliteration
- bgnt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 18
דְּעֵדֶן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עדן
- Transliteration
- d'dn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 254
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Perversi difficile corriguntur, et stultorum infinitus est numerus.
perversi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- peruersus
- Transliteration
- perversi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 27
difficile
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- difficilis
- Transliteration
- difficile
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 26
corriguntur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- corrigo
- Transliteration
- corriguntur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 13
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
stultorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- stulti
- Transliteration
- stultorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 17
infinitus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- infinitus
- Transliteration
- infinitus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 18
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
numerus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- numerus
- Transliteration
- numerus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 197
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Matthew 6:27
And which of you by taking thought is able to make himself a cubit taller?
6 relevance votesEcclesiastes 3:14
I am certain that whatever God does will be for ever. No addition may be made to it, nothing may be taken from it; and God has done it so that man may be in fear before him.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 40:4
Let every valley be lifted up, and every mountain and hill be made low, and let the rough places become level, and the hilltops become a valley,
4 relevance votesJob 11:6
And would make clear to you the secrets of wisdom, and the wonders of his purpose!
3 relevance votesLamentations 3:37
Who is able to say a thing, and give effect to it, if it has not been ordered by the Lord?
3 relevance votesJob 34:29
...
3 relevance votesDaniel 4:35
And all the people of the earth are as nothing: he does his pleasure in the army of heaven and among the people of the earth: and no one is able to keep back his hand, or say to him, What are you doing?
2 relevance votes