25 And when they had put leather bands round him, Paul said to the captain who was present, Is it the law for you to give blows to a man who is a Roman and has not been judged?
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Acts 22:25. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
78
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ὡς δὲ προέτεινεν αὐτὸν τοῖς ἱμᾶσιν, εἶπε πρὸς τὸν ἑστῶτα ἑκατόνταρχον ὁ Παῦλος, Εἰ ἄνθρωπον Ῥωμαῖον καὶ ἀκατάκριτον ἔξεστιν ὑμῖν μαστίζειν;
22 word entries
wv
de
proeteinen
- Lemma
- proeteinen
- Transliteration
- proeteinen
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative singular
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4385
- Occurrences
- 1
proeteinan
- Lemma
- proeteinan
- Transliteration
- proeteinan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4385
- Occurrences
- 1
auton
toiv
imasin
eipen
prov
ton
estwta
ekatontarcon
- Lemma
- ekatontarcon
- Transliteration
- ekatontarcon
- Morphology
- Greek: noun accusative singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G1543
- Occurrences
- 1
o
paulov
ei
anqrwpon
rwmaion
kai
akatakriton
- Lemma
- akatakriton
- Transliteration
- akatakriton
- Morphology
- Greek: adjective accusative singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Strong's
- G178
- Occurrences
- 1
exestin
umin
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
ὡς δὲ προέτειναν αὐτὸν τοῖς ἱμᾶσιν εἶπεν πρὸς τὸν ἑστῶτα ἑκατόνταρχον ὁ Παῦλος· εἰ ἄνθρωπον Ῥωμαῖον καὶ ἀκατάκριτον ἔξεστιν ὑμῖν μαστίζειν;
21 word entries
τοῖς
πρὸς
τὸν
ἑκατόνταρχον
- Lemma
- ἑκατοντάρχης
- Morphology
- N-ASM
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G1543
- Occurrences
- 20
ὁ
καὶ
ἀκατάκριτον
- Lemma
- ἀκατάκριτος
- Morphology
- A-ASM
- Part of Speech
- A
- Strong's
- G0178
- Occurrences
- 2
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܟܕ ܡܬܚܘܗܝ ܒܥܪܩܐ ܐܡܪ ܗܘ ܦܘܠܘܣ ܠܩܢܛܪܘܢܐ ܕܩܐܡ ܗܘܐ ܥܠܘܗܝ ܡܦܣ ܠܟܘܢ ܕܠܓܒܪܐ ܪܗܘܡܝܐ ܕܠܐ ܡܚܝܒ ܕܬܢܓܕܘܢ
17 word entries
ܘܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܟܕ
- Transliteration
- wkd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 429
ܡܬܚܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܬܚܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- mthwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܥܪܩܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܥܪܩܐ
- Transliteration
- b'rq'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܡܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪ
- Transliteration
- emar
- Morphology
- verb root/form
- Gloss
- said, spoke
- Occurrences
- 885
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܦܘܠܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܘܠܘܣ
- Transliteration
- pwlws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 110
ܠܩܢܛܪܘܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܩܢܛܪܘܢܐ
- Transliteration
- lqntrwn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܕܩܐܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܩܐܡ
- Transliteration
- dq'm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 26
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܥܠܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- 'lwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 151
ܡܦܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܦܣ
- Transliteration
- mps
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 15
ܠܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 676
ܕܠܓܒܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܓܒܪܐ
- Transliteration
- dlgbr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܪܗܘܡܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܗܘܡܝܐ
- Transliteration
- rhwmy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 8
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܡܚܝܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܚܝܒ
- Transliteration
- mhyb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 13
ܕܬܢܓܕܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܢܓܕܘܢ
- Transliteration
- dtngdwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et cum astrinxissent eum loris, dicit astanti sibi centurioni Paulus: Si hominem Romanum et indemnatum licet vobis flagellare?
18 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
cum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cum
- Transliteration
- cum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 5272
adstrinxissent
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- astringo
- Transliteration
- adstrinxissent
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 4
eum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
loris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lorum
- Transliteration
- loris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 4
dixit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dixit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
adstanti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- asto
- Transliteration
- adstanti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 27
sibi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sui
- Transliteration
- sibi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1317
centurioni
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- centurio
- Transliteration
- centurioni
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 48
Paulus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Paulus
- Transliteration
- Paulus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 158
si
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- si
- Transliteration
- si
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1970
hominem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- homo
- Transliteration
- hominem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1653
romanum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Romanus
- Transliteration
- romanum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 19
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
indemnatum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- indemnatus
- Transliteration
- indemnatum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 2
licet
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- licet
- Transliteration
- licet
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 58
vobis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uos
- Transliteration
- vobis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2958
flagellare
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- flagello
- Transliteration
- flagellare
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 23
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Acts 16:37
But Paul said to them, They have given us who are Romans a public whipping without judging us, and have put us in prison. Will they now send us out secretly? no, truly, let them come themselves and take us out.
9 relevance votesActs 25:16
To whom I gave answer that it is not the Roman way to give a man up, till he has been face to face with those who are attacking him, and has had a chance to give an answer to the statements made against him.
5 relevance votesActs 27:43
But the captain, desiring to keep Paul safe, kept them from their purpose, and gave orders that those who had knowledge of swimming were to go off the ship and get first to land:
4 relevance votesActs 23:17
And Paul sent for a captain and said, Take this young man to your chief, for he has news for him.
3 relevance votesActs 10:1
Now there was a certain man in Caesarea, named Cornelius, the captain of the Italian band of the army;
2 relevance votesActs 27:1
And when the decision had been made that we were to go by sea to Italy, they gave Paul and certain other prisoners into the care of a captain named Julius, of the Augustan band.
2 relevance votesMatthew 8:8
And the captain in answer said, Lord, I am not good enough for you to come under my roof; but only say the word, and my servant will be made well.
2 relevance votesMatthew 27:54
Now the captain and those who were with him watching Jesus, when they saw the earth-shock and the things which were done, were in great fear and said, Truly this was a son of God.
2 relevance votesActs 27:3
And on the day after, we came to Sidon; and Julius was kind to Paul, and let him go to see his friends and take a rest.
2 relevance votes