16 And as he said in all his letters, which had to do with these things; in which are some hard sayings, so that, like the rest of the holy Writings, they are twisted by those who are uncertain and without knowledge, to the destruction of their souls.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Peter 3:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
123
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
ὡς καὶ ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἐπιστολαῖς, λαλῶν ἐν αὐταῖς περὶ τούτων· ἐν οἷς ἔστι δυσνόητά τινα, ἃ οἱ ἀμαθεῖς καὶ ἀστήρικτοι στρεβλοῦσιν, ὡς καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς γραφάς, πρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν αὐτῶν ἀπώλειαν.
32 word entries
ὡς
καὶ
ἐν
πάσαις
ταῖς
ἐπιστολαῖς
- Lemma
- epistolaiv
- Transliteration
- epistolaiv
- Morphology
- Greek: noun dative plural feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G1992
- Occurrences
- 1
λαλῶν
ἐν
αὐταῖς
περὶ
τούτων
ἐν
οἷς
ἔστι
δυσνόητά
τινα
ἃ
οἱ
ἀμαθεῖς
καὶ
ἀστήρικτοι
- Lemma
- asthriktoi
- Transliteration
- asthriktoi
- Morphology
- Greek: adjective nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Strong's
- G793
- Occurrences
- 1
στρεβλοῦσιν
- Lemma
- streblousin
- Transliteration
- streblousin
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4761
- Occurrences
- 1
ὡς
καὶ
τὰς
λοιπὰς
γραφάς
πρὸς
τὴν
ἰδίαν
αὐτῶν
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
ὡς καὶ ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἐπιστολαῖς λαλῶν ἐν αὐταῖς περὶ τούτων, ἐν αἷς ἐστιν δυσνόητά τινα, ἃ οἱ ἀμαθεῖς καὶ ἀστήρικτοι στρεβλοῦσιν ὡς καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς γραφὰς πρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν αὐτῶν ἀπώλειαν.
32 word entries
καὶ
ἐν
ταῖς
ἐν
ἐν
ἐστιν
οἱ
καὶ
ἀστήρικτοι
- Lemma
- ἀστήρικτος
- Morphology
- A-NPM
- Part of Speech
- A
- Strong's
- G0793
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
τὰς
πρὸς
τὴν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܝܟܢܐ ܕܒܟܠܗܝܢ ܐܓܪܬܗ ܡܠܠ ܒܗܝܢ ܥܠ ܗܠܝܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܐܝܬ ܒܗܝܢ ܡܕܡ ܕܥܣܝܩ ܠܣܘܟܠܐ ܗܠܝܢ ܕܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܕܠܐ ܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܘܠܐ ܣܡܝܟܝܢ ܡܥܩܡܝܢ ܠܗܝܢ ܐܝܟ ܕܐܦ ܠܗܠܝܢ ܟܬܒܐ ܕܫܪܟܐ ܠܘܬ ܐܒܕܢܐ ܕܝܠܗܘܢ
30 word entries
ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'ykn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 261
ܕܒܟܠܗܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܟܠܗܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dbklhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܐܓܪܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܓܪܬܗ
- Transliteration
- 'grth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܡܠܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܠܠ
- Transliteration
- mll
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 31
ܒܗܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܗܝܢ
- Transliteration
- bhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 26
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 909
ܗܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 451
ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ylyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 319
ܕܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- d'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 229
ܒܗܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܗܝܢ
- Transliteration
- bhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 26
ܡܕܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܕܡ
- Transliteration
- mdm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 403
ܕܥܣܝܩ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܣܝܩ
- Transliteration
- d'syq
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܣܘܟܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܣܘܟܠܐ
- Transliteration
- lswkl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܗܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 451
ܕܐܝܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- d'ylyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 37
ܕܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- ddl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 15
ܝܘܠܦܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܘܠܦܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ywlpn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 19
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 462
ܘܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܐ
- Transliteration
- wl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 732
ܣܡܝܟܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܡܝܟܝܢ
- Transliteration
- smykyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 5
ܡܥܩܡܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܥܩܡܝܢ
- Transliteration
- m'qmyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܗܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܝܢ
- Transliteration
- lhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 35
ܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- 'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 681
ܕܐܦ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܦ
- Transliteration
- d'p
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 132
ܠܗܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- lhlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 18
ܟܬܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܬܒܐ
- Transliteration
- ktb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 53
ܕܫܪܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܪܟܐ
- Transliteration
- dshrk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܠܘܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܘܬ
- Transliteration
- lwt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 245
ܐܒܕܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܒܕܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'bdn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 7
ܕܝܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- dylhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 18
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
sicut et omnibus epistolis, loquens in eis de his in quibus sunt quædam difficilia intellectu, quæ indocti et instabiles depravant, sicut et ceteras Scripturas, ad suam ipsorum perditionem.
29 word entries
sicut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sicut
- Transliteration
- sicut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1559
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
omnibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
epistulis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- epistola
- Transliteration
- epistulis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 73
loquens
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- loquor
- Transliteration
- loquens
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1543
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
eis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
his
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- his
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
quibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
quaedam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quidam
- Transliteration
- quaedam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 306
difficilia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- difficilis
- Transliteration
- difficilia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 26
intellectu
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- intellectus
- Transliteration
- intellectu
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 59
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
indocti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- indoctus
- Transliteration
- indocti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 9
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
instabiles
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- instabilis
- Transliteration
- instabiles
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 5
depravant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deprauo
- Transliteration
- depravant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 4
sicut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sicut
- Transliteration
- sicut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1559
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
ceteras
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ceterus
- Transliteration
- ceteras
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 118
scripturas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- scriptura
- Transliteration
- scripturas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 68
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
suam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suus
- Transliteration
- suam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5783
ipsorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ipse
- Transliteration
- ipsorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2134
perditionem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- perditio
- Transliteration
- perditionem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 55
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Matthew 15:6
There is no need for him to give honour to his father. And you have made the word of God without effect because of your teaching.
7 relevance votesHebrews 5:11
Of whom we have much to say which it is hard to make clear, because you are slow of hearing.
6 relevance votesJames 1:8
For there is a division in his mind, and he is uncertain in all his ways.
5 relevance votes2 Peter 2:14
Having eyes full of evil desire, never having enough of sin; turning feeble souls out of the true way; they are children of cursing, whose hearts are well used to bitter envy;
5 relevance votesPhilippians 3:19
Whose end is destruction, whose god is the stomach, and whose glory is in their shame, whose minds are fixed on the things of the earth.
5 relevance votesJeremiah 23:36
And you will no longer put people in mind of the word of weight of the Lord: for every man's word will be a weight on himself; for the words of the living God, of the Lord of armies, our God, have been twisted by you.
4 relevance votesMatthew 22:29
But Jesus said to them in answer, You are in error, not having knowledge of the Writings, or of the power of God.
4 relevance votesHabakkuk 1:4
For this reason the law is feeble and decisions are not effected: for the upright man is circled round by evil-doers; because of which right is twisted.
3 relevance votes2 Peter 2:1
But there were false prophets among the people, as there will be false teachers among you, who will secretly put forward wrong teachings for your destruction, even turning away from the Lord who gave himself for them; whose destruction will come quickly, and they themselves will be the cause of it.
3 relevance votesJude 1:4
For certain men have come among you secretly, marked out before in the holy Writings for this evil fate, men without the fear of God, turning his grace into an unclean thing, and false to our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.
3 relevance votesMatthew 15:3
And in answer he said to them, Why do you, yourselves, go against the word of God on account of the teaching which has been handed down to you?
3 relevance votesPsalms 56:5
Every day they make wrong use of my words; all their thoughts are against me for evil.
3 relevance votes