7 And the gold body-covers of the servants of Hadadezer, David took to Jerusalem.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Chronicles 18:7. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
65
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיִּקַּ֣ח דָּוִ֗יד אֵ֚ת שִׁלְטֵ֣י הַזָּהָ֔ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָי֔וּ עַ֖ל עַבְדֵ֣י הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר וַיְבִיאֵ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
12 word entries
וַיִּקַּ֣ח
אֵ֚ת
שִׁלְטֵ֣י
הַזָּהָ֔ב
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
הָי֔וּ
עַ֖ל
עַבְדֵ֣י
וַיְבִיאֵ֖ם
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ἔλαβεν Δαυεὶδ τοὺς κλοιοὺς τοὺς χρυσοῦς οἳ ἦσαν ἐπὶ τοὺς παῖδας Ἁδραάζαρ, καὶ ἤνεγκεν αὐτοὺς εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ.
18 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἔλαβεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- λαμβάνω
- Transliteration
- elaben
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it took, received
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To take, receive, or obtain.
- Occurrences
- 894
Δαυεὶδ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Δαυεὶδ
- Transliteration
- dayeid
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Δαυεὶδ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 19
τοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
κλοιοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- κλοιοὺς
- Transliteration
- kloioys
- Morphology
- accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 6
τοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
χρυσοῦς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- χρυσοῦς
- Transliteration
- chrysoys
- Morphology
- accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 36
οἳ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὅς
- Transliteration
- hoi
- Morphology
- relative pronoun, nominative masculine plural
- Gloss
- who, which
- Part of Speech
- relative pronoun
- Definition
- Relative pronoun who, which, that.
- Occurrences
- 4123
ἦσαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰμί
- Transliteration
- esan
- Morphology
- verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural
- Gloss
- they were
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To be or exist.
- Strong's
- G1510
- Occurrences
- 5427
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
τοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
παῖδας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- παῖς
- Transliteration
- pais
- Morphology
- noun, masculine/feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- child, servant
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Child, servant, attendant, or young person.
- Occurrences
- 276
Ἁδραάζαρ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἁδραάζαρ
- Transliteration
- adraazar
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἁδραάζαρ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἤνεγκεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἤνεγκεν
- Transliteration
- enegken
- Morphology
- verb, perfect/aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 14
αὐτοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
εἰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰς
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- preposition with accusative
- Gloss
- into, to, for
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
- Occurrences
- 6787
Ἰερουσαλήμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἰερουσαλήμ
- Transliteration
- ieroysalem
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἰερουσαλήμ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 25
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܫܩܠ ܕܘܝܕ ܫ̈ܠܛܐ ܕܕܗܒܐ ܕܗܘܘ ܬܠܝܢ ܥܠ ܪ̈ܟܫܐ ܕܥܒ̣̈ܕܘܗܝ ܕܗܕܪܥܙܪ
10 word entries
ܘܫܩܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܩܠ
- Transliteration
- wshql
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 47
ܕܘܝܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܘܝܕ
- Transliteration
- dwyd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 617
ܫ̈ܠܛܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܠܛܐ
- Transliteration
- shlt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 5
ܕܕܗܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܕܗܒܐ
- Transliteration
- ddhb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 143
ܕܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- dhww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 57
ܬܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- tlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 6
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3346
ܪ̈ܟܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܟܫܐ
- Transliteration
- rksh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 45
ܕܥܒ̣̈ܕܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܒܕܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- d'bdwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 14
ܕܗܕܪܥܙܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܗܕܪܥܙܪ
- Transliteration
- dhdr'zr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 14
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וּנְסֵיב דָוִד יַת תְּרֵיסֵי דַהֲבָא דִהֲווֹ עַל עַבְדֵי הֲדַרְעֶזֶר וְאַיְתֵיאוֹנוּן לִירוּשְׁלֵם׃
11 word entries
וּנְסֵיב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נסיב
- Transliteration
- wnsyb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 119
דָוִד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דוד
- Transliteration
- dwd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1106
יַת
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ית
- Transliteration
- yt
- Morphology
- accusative/direct object marker
- Gloss
- direct object marker
- Occurrences
- 4303
תְּרֵיסֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תריסי
- Transliteration
- trysy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 10
דַהֲבָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הבא
- Transliteration
- dhb'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 103
דִהֲווֹ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הוו
- Transliteration
- dhww
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 399
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
עַבְדֵי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- עבד
- Transliteration
- 'bdy
- Morphology
- verbal or nominal root עבד
- Gloss
- made, did, served
- Occurrences
- 1208
הֲדַרְעֶזֶר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הדרעזר
- Transliteration
- hdr'zr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 10
וְאַיְתֵיאוֹנוּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- איתיאונון
- Transliteration
- w'yty'wnwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 6
לִירוּשְׁלֵם׃
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ירושלם
- Transliteration
- lyrwshlm
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ל + proper noun
- Gloss
- to/for Jerusalem
- Occurrences
- 642
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Tulit quoque David pharetras aureas, quas habuerant servi Adarezer, et attulit eas in Jerusalem.
14 word entries
tulit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fero
- Transliteration
- tulit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 392
quoque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quoque
- Transliteration
- quoque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 773
David
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Dauid
- Transliteration
- David
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1095
faretras
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- faretra
- Transliteration
- faretras
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 12
aureas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aureus
- Transliteration
- aureas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 187
quas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
habuerant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- habeo
- Transliteration
- habuerant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1641
servi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- seruus
- Transliteration
- servi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 846
Adadezer
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Adadezar
- Transliteration
- Adadezer
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 17
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
adtulit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- affero
- Transliteration
- adtulit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 174
eas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
Hierusalem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Hierosolyma
- Transliteration
- Hierusalem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 852