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American Standard Version

Proverbs 27

American Standard Version, Verse 11

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¹¹ My son, be wise, and make my heart glad, That I may answer him that reproacheth me.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 27:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 51

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

חֲכַ֣ם בְּ֭נִי וְשַׂמַּ֣ח לִבִּ֑י וְאָשִׁ֖יבָה חֹרְפִ֣י דָבָֽר׃

7 word entries

חֲכַ֣ם

Lemma: 2449
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2449
Occurrences: 21

בְּ֭נִי

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

וְשַׂמַּ֣ח

Lemma: c/8055
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb piel imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8055
Occurrences: 61

לִבִּ֑י

Lemma: 3820 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3820
Occurrences: 463

וְאָשִׁ֖יבָה

Lemma: c/7725
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil cohortative 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7725
Occurrences: 428

חֹרְפִ֣י

Lemma: 2778 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2778
Occurrences: 30

דָבָֽר

Lemma: 1697
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1697
Occurrences: 866

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Σοφὸς γίνου υἱὲ, ἵνα σου εὐφραίνηται ἡ καρδία, καὶ ἀπόστρεψον ἀπὸ σοῦ ἐπονειδίστους λόγους.

14 word entries

Σοφὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σοφός
Transliteration: sophos
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: wise
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Wise, skilled, or prudent.
Occurrences: 61

γίνου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: γίνου
Transliteration: ginoy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 32

υἱὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

ἵνα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἵνα
Transliteration: hina
Morphology: subordinating conjunction
Gloss: so that, in order that
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Purpose/result conjunction.
Occurrences: 423

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

εὐφραίνηται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: εὐφραίνηται
Transliteration: eyphrainetai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

καρδία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καρδία
Transliteration: kardia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: heart
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Heart, inner life, mind, or will.
Occurrences: 867

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἀπόστρεψον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπόστρεψον
Transliteration: apostrepson
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

ἀπὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀπό
Transliteration: apo
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, away from
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
Occurrences: 3869

σοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ἐπονειδίστους

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐπονειδίστους
Transliteration: eponeidistoys
Morphology: nominative masculine/feminine singular or accusative plural pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

λόγους

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λόγος
Transliteration: logous
Morphology: noun, masculine accusative plural
Gloss: words, matters
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Word, speech, account, matter, or reason.
Strong's: G3056
Occurrences: 1103

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܬܚܟܡ ܒܪܝ ܘܚܕܐ ܠܒܝ ܘܒܛܠ ܡܢܝ ܚܣܕܐ ܕܡܚ̈ܣܕܢܝ

8 word entries

ܐܬܚܟܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܚܟܡ
Transliteration: 'thkm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2

ܒܪܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܪܝ
Transliteration: bry
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 87

ܘܚܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܚܕܐ
Transliteration: whd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 24

ܠܒܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܝ
Transliteration: lby
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 73

ܘܒܛܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܛܠ
Transliteration: wbtl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 9

ܡܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢܝ
Transliteration: mny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 130

ܚܣܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܣܕܐ
Transliteration: hsd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 37

ܕܡܚ̈ܣܕܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܚܣܕܢܝ
Transliteration: dmhsdny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אִתְחַכֵּם בְּרִי וְחַדֵי לִבִּי וְאַחְזַר מִלְתָא לְאִלֵין דִמְחַסְדִין לִי׃

9 word entries

אִתְחַכֵּם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתחכם
Transliteration: 'tchkm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

בְּרִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ברי
Transliteration: bry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 95

וְחַדֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חדי
Transliteration: wchdy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 22

לִבִּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לבי
Transliteration: lby
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 82

וְאַחְזַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אחזר
Transliteration: w'chzr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

מִלְתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לתא
Transliteration: mlt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 24

לְאִלֵין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אלין
Transliteration: l'lyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 298

דִמְחַסְדִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מחסדין
Transliteration: dmchsdyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

לִי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לי
Transliteration: ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 595

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Stude sapientiæ, fili mi, et lætifica cor meum, ut possis exprobranti respondere sermonem.

13 word entries

stude

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: studeo
Transliteration: stude
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6

sapientiae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sapientia
Transliteration: sapientiae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 345

fili

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: fili
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: mi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

laetifica

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: laetifico
Transliteration: laetifica
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 26

cor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cor
Transliteration: cor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1028

meum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4533

possim

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: possum
Transliteration: possim
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 881

exprobranti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: exprobro
Transliteration: exprobranti
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 39

respondere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: respondeo
Transliteration: respondere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 851

sermonem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sermo
Transliteration: sermonem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 626

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Proverbs 27

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Ranked cross references

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Psalms 119:42

2 John 1:4

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Proverbs 15:20

Philemon 1:7