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American Standard Version

Proverbs 13

American Standard Version, Verse 1

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¹ A wise son heareth his father’s instruction; But a scoffer heareth not rebuke.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 13:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 49

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

בֵּ֣ן חָ֭כָם מ֣וּסַר אָ֑ב וְ֝לֵ֗ץ לֹא־שָׁמַ֥ע גְּעָרָֽה׃

8 word entries

בֵּ֣ן

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

חָ֭כָם

Lemma: 2450
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2450
Occurrences: 104

מ֣וּסַר

Lemma: 4148
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4148
Occurrences: 42

אָ֑ב

Lemma: 1
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1
Occurrences: 995

וְ֝לֵ֗ץ

Lemma: c/3887
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + adjective
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3887
Occurrences: 4

לֹא

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

שָׁמַ֥ע

Lemma: 8085
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8085
Occurrences: 784

גְּעָרָֽה

Lemma: 1606
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1606
Occurrences: 8

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Υἱὸς πανοῦργος ὑπήκοος πατρὶ, υἱὸς δὲ ἀνήκοος ἐν ἀπωλείᾳ.

9 word entries

Υἱὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

πανοῦργος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πανοῦργος
Transliteration: panoyrgos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

ὑπήκοος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὑπήκοος
Transliteration: ypekoos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

πατρὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πατήρ
Transliteration: pater
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: father
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Father or ancestor.
Occurrences: 1228

υἱὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

ἀνήκοος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀνήκοος
Transliteration: anekoos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

ἀπωλείᾳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπωλείᾳ
Transliteration: apoleia
Morphology: dative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 19

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒܪܐ ܚܟܝܡܐ ܡܫܬܡܥ ܠܐܒܘܗܝ ܘܒܪܐ ܒܝܫܐ ܕܠܐ ܡܩܒܠ ܟܐܬܐ ܢܐܒܕ

10 word entries

ܒܪܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܪܐ
Transliteration: bara
Morphology: verb/noun form, context-dependent
Gloss: created; son
Occurrences: 103

ܚܟܝܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܟܝܡܐ
Transliteration: hkym'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 64

ܡܫܬܡܥ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܫܬܡܥ
Transliteration: mshtm'
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5

ܠܐܒܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܐܒܘܗܝ
Transliteration: l'bwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 17

ܘܒܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܪܐ
Transliteration: wbr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

ܒܝܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܫܐ
Transliteration: bysh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 122

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܐ
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1157

ܡܩܒܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܩܒܠ
Transliteration: mqbl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 9

ܟܐܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܐܬܐ
Transliteration: k't'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 9

ܢܐܒܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܐܒܕ
Transliteration: n'bd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 22

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בַּר חַכִּימָא מְקַבֵּל מַרְדוּתָא דְאַבָּא וּבְרָא מְמִקְנָא לָא מְקַבֵּל בַּעֲתָא׃

10 word entries

בַּר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: br
Morphology: noun masculine singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 2734

חַכִּימָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חכימא
Transliteration: chkym'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 44

מְקַבֵּל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קבל
Transliteration: mqbl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 152

מַרְדוּתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רדותא
Transliteration: mrdwt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 24

דְאַבָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבא
Transliteration: d'b'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 153

וּבְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ברא
Transliteration: wbr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 141

מְמִקְנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מקנא
Transliteration: mmqn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 2

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2611

מְקַבֵּל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קבל
Transliteration: mqbl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 152

בַּעֲתָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עתא
Transliteration: b't'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 9

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

[Filius sapiens doctrina patris; qui autem illusor est non audit cum arguitur.

12 word entries

filius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filius
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

sapiens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sapiens
Transliteration: sapiens
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 208

doctrina

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: doctrina
Transliteration: doctrina
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 113

patris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pater
Transliteration: patris
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1575

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

inlusor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: illusor
Transliteration: inlusor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 9

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

audit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: audio
Transliteration: audit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1534

cum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cum
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5272

arguitur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: arguo
Transliteration: arguitur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 69

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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