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American Standard Version

2 Samuel 2

American Standard Version, Verse 22

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²² And Abner said again to Asahel, Turn thee aside from following me: wherefore should I smite thee to the ground? how then should I hold up my face to Joab thy brother?

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 2:22. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 112

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיֹּ֧סֶף ע֣וֹד אַבְנֵ֗ר לֵאמֹר֙ אֶל־עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל ס֥וּר לְךָ֖ מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑י לָ֤מָּה אַכֶּ֙כָּה֙ אַ֔רְצָה וְאֵיךְ֙ אֶשָּׂ֣א פָנַ֔י אֶל־יוֹאָ֖ב אָחִֽיךָ׃

18 word entries

וַיֹּ֧סֶף

Lemma: c/3254
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3254
Occurrences: 72

ע֣וֹד

Lemma: 5750
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H5750
Occurrences: 432

אַבְנֵ֗ר

Lemma: 74
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H74
Occurrences: 51

לֵאמֹר֙

Lemma: l/559
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 936

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל

Lemma: 6214
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6214
Occurrences: 13

ס֥וּר

Lemma: 5493
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5493
Occurrences: 191

לְךָ֖

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑י

Lemma: m/310 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H310
Occurrences: 59

לָ֤מָּה

Lemma: l/4100
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + particle
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4100
Occurrences: 145

אַכֶּ֨כָּה֙

Lemma: 5221
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperfect 1rd person common gender singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5221
Occurrences: 188

אַ֔רְצָה

Lemma: 776
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H776
Occurrences: 692

וְאֵיךְ֙

Lemma: c/349 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H349
Occurrences: 18

אֶשָּׂ֣א

Lemma: 5375
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5375
Occurrences: 386

פָנַ֔י

Lemma: 6440
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6440
Occurrences: 630

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

יוֹאָ֖ב

Lemma: 3097
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3097
Occurrences: 123

אָחִֽיךָ

Lemma: 251
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H251
Occurrences: 455

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ προσέθετο ἔτι Ἀβεννὴρ λέγων τῷ Ἀσαὴλ, ἀπόστηθι ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ, ἵνα μὴ πατάξω σε εἰς τὴν γῆν· καὶ πῶς ἀρῶ τὸ πρόσωπόν μου πρὸς Ἰωάβ;

25 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

προσέθετο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: προσέθετο
Transliteration: prosetheto
Morphology: verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 33

ἔτι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔτι
Transliteration: eti
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: still, yet, again
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Still, yet, further.
Occurrences: 520

Ἀβεννὴρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἀβεννήρ
Transliteration: Abenner
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Abner
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Abner, biblical personal name.
Occurrences: 57

λέγων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: legon
Morphology: participle, present active masculine nominative singular
Gloss: saying
Part of Speech: participle
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Ἀσαὴλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἀσαὴλ
Transliteration: asael
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἀσαὴλ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

ἀπόστηθι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπόστηθι
Transliteration: apostethi
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἀπʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀπό
Transliteration: ap
Morphology: preposition with genitive, elided form
Gloss: from, away from
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
Occurrences: 3869

ἐμοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ἵνα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἵνα
Transliteration: hina
Morphology: subordinating conjunction
Gloss: so that, in order that
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Purpose/result conjunction.
Occurrences: 423

μὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μή
Transliteration: me
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not, lest
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle commonly used with non-indicative moods.
Occurrences: 2979

πατάξω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πατάξω
Transliteration: pataxo
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

σε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

γῆν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γῆ
Transliteration: gen
Morphology: noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss: earth, land
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's: G1093
Occurrences: 2962

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πῶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πῶς
Transliteration: pos
Morphology: interrogative adverb
Gloss: how?
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Interrogative adverb meaning how.
Occurrences: 125

ἀρῶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀρῶ
Transliteration: aro
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

τὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πρόσωπόν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πρόσωπον
Transliteration: prosopon
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: face, presence
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Face, presence, person, or front.
Occurrences: 1170

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

πρὸς

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: πρὸς
Transliteration: pros
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with/toward
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: with/toward
Strong's: G4314
Occurrences: 3989

Ἰωάβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἰωάβ
Transliteration: ioab
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἰωάβ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Joab.
Occurrences: 156

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܘܣܦ ܬܘܒ ܐܒܢܝܪ ܠܡܐܡܪ ܠܥܫܐܝܠ ܕܢܣܛܐ ܡܢ ܒܬܪܗ ܘܐܡܪ ܣܛܝ ܠܟ ܡܢ ܒܬܪܝ ܕܠܐ ܐܡܚܝܟ ܘܐܪܡܝܟ ܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ ܘܐܝܟܢܐ ܐܪܝܡ ܐ̈ܦܝ ܘܐܚܘܪ ܒܝܘܐܒ ܐܚܘܟ

24 word entries

ܘܐܘܣܦ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܘܣܦ
Transliteration: w'wsp
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 25

ܬܘܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܘܒ
Transliteration: twb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 291

ܐܒܢܝܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܒܢܝܪ
Transliteration: 'bnyr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 31

ܠܡܐܡܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܐܡܪ
Transliteration: lm'mr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 96

ܠܥܫܐܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܥܫܐܝܠ
Transliteration: l'sh'yl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 3

ܕܢܣܛܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܢܣܛܐ
Transliteration: dnst'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 4

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܒܬܪܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܬܪܗ
Transliteration: btrh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 147

ܘܐܡܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܡܪ
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1697

ܣܛܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܛܝ
Transliteration: sty
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5

ܠܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܟ
Transliteration: lk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 701

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܒܬܪܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܬܪܝ
Transliteration: btry
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 23

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܐ
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1157

ܐܡܚܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܡܚܝܟ
Transliteration: 'mhyk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܘܐܪܡܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܪܡܝܟ
Transliteration: w'rmyk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3346

ܐܪܥܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܪܥܐ
Transliteration: ara
Morphology: noun, feminine emphatic singular
Gloss: earth, land
Occurrences: 731

ܘܐܝܟܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܝܟܢܐ
Transliteration: w'ykn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 23

ܐܪܝܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܪܝܡ
Transliteration: 'rym
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 21

ܐ̈ܦܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܦܝ
Transliteration: 'py
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 143

ܘܐܚܘܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܚܘܪ
Transliteration: w'hwr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

ܒܝܘܐܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܘܐܒ
Transliteration: byw'b
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 1

ܐܚܘܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܚܘܟ
Transliteration: 'hwk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 11

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאוֹסִיף עוֹד אַבְנֵר לְמֵימָר לַעֲשָׂהאֵל זוּר לָךְ מִבַּתְרַי לָמָה אֶקְטְלִינָךְ וְאֶרְמִינָךְ לְאַרְעָא וְאֵיכְדִין אֶזְקוֹף אַפֵּי וְאֵיחָמֵי לְיוֹאָב אָחוּךְ׃

18 word entries

וְאוֹסִיף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אוסיף
Transliteration: w'wsyp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 48

עוֹד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עוד
Transliteration: 'wd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 289

אַבְנֵר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבנר
Transliteration: 'bnr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 62

לְמֵימָר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: lmymr
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + speech root/form
Gloss: to/for to say, saying
Occurrences: 3728

לַעֲשָׂהאֵל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עשהאל
Transliteration: l'shh'l
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 16

זוּר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: זור
Transliteration: zwr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

לָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לך
Transliteration: lk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 468

מִבַּתְרַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בתרי
Transliteration: mbtry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

לָמָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: למה
Transliteration: lmh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 67

אֶקְטְלִינָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקטלינך
Transliteration: 'qtlynk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

וְאֶרְמִינָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארמינך
Transliteration: w'rmynk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

לְאַרְעָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ארע
Transliteration: l'r''
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss: to/for earth, land
Occurrences: 1735

וְאֵיכְדִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איכדין
Transliteration: w'ykdyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 67

אֶזְקוֹף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אזקוף
Transliteration: 'zqwp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 6

אַפֵּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אפי
Transliteration: 'py
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

וְאֵיחָמֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איחמי
Transliteration: w'ychmy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

לְיוֹאָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יואב
Transliteration: lyw'b
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 144

אָחוּךְ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אחוך
Transliteration: 'chwk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 11

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Rursumque locutus est Abner ad Asaël: Recede, noli me sequi, ne compellar confodere te in terram, et levare non potero faciem meam ad Joab fratrem tuum.

27 word entries

rursumque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rursus
Transliteration: rursumque
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 143

{rursumque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {rursumque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

locutus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: loquor
Transliteration: locutus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1543

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Abner

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Abner
Transliteration: Abner
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 54

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ad
Transliteration: ad
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 7531

Asahel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Asael
Transliteration: Asahel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 17

recede

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: recedo
Transliteration: recede
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 217

noli

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nolo
Transliteration: noli
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 620

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

sequi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sequor
Transliteration: sequi
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 281

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ne
Transliteration: ne
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1109

conpellar

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: compello
Transliteration: conpellar
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 21

confodere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: confodio
Transliteration: confodere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 5

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tu
Transliteration: te
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4602

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

terra

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: terra
Transliteration: terra
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: earth
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: earth, land, ground
Etymology: Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences: 3087

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

levare

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: leuo
Transliteration: levare
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 168

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

potero

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: possum
Transliteration: potero
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 881

faciem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facies
Transliteration: faciem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 793

meam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ad
Transliteration: ad
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 7531

Ioab

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Ioab
Transliteration: Ioab
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 39

fratrem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: frater
Transliteration: fratrem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1060

tuum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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2 Samuel 2

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

2 Samuel 3:27

Proverbs 29:1

Ecclesiastes 6:10