1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Cesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Iturea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanius the tetrarch of Abilene,
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Luke 3:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
121
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ἐν ἔτει δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ τῆς ἡγεμονίας Τιβερίου Καίσαρος, ἡγεμονεύοντος Ποντίου Πιλάτου τῆς Ἰουδαίας, καὶ τετραρχοῦντος τῆς Γαλιλαίας Ἡρῴδου, Φιλίππου δὲ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ τετραρχοῦντος τῆς Ἰτουραίας καὶ Τραχωνίτιδος χώρας, καὶ Λυσανίου τῆς Ἀβιληνῆς τετραρχοῦντος,
34 word entries
Ἐν
ἔτει
δὲ
πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ
- Lemma
- pentekaidekatw
- Transliteration
- pentekaidekatw
- Morphology
- Greek: adjective dative singular neuter
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Strong's
- G4003
- Occurrences
- 1
τῆς
ἡγεμονίας
Τιβερίου
Καίσαρος
ἡγεμονεύοντος
- Lemma
- hgemoneuontov
- Transliteration
- hgemoneuontov
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle genitive singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G2230
- Occurrences
- 2
Ποντίου
Πιλάτου
τῆς
Ἰουδαίας
καὶ
τετραρχοῦντος
- Lemma
- tetrarcountov
- Transliteration
- tetrarcountov
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle genitive singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G5075
- Occurrences
- 3
τῆς
Γαλιλαίας
Ἡρῴδου
Φιλίππου
δὲ
τοῦ
ἀδελφοῦ
αὐτοῦ
τετραρχοῦντος
- Lemma
- tetrarcountov
- Transliteration
- tetrarcountov
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle genitive singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G5075
- Occurrences
- 3
τῆς
Ἰτουραίας
καὶ
Τραχωνίτιδος
- Lemma
- tracwnitidov
- Transliteration
- tracwnitidov
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G5139
- Occurrences
- 1
χώρας
καὶ
Λυσανίου
τῆς
Ἀβιληνῆς
τετραρχοῦντος
- Lemma
- tetrarcountov
- Transliteration
- tetrarcountov
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle genitive singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G5075
- Occurrences
- 3
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Ἐν ἔτει δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ τῆς ἡγεμονίας Τιβερίου Καίσαρος, ἡγεμονεύοντος Ποντίου Πειλάτου τῆς Ἰουδαίας, καὶ τετρααρχοῦντος τῆς Γαλιλαίας Ἡρῴδου, Φιλίππου δὲ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ τετρααρχοῦντος τῆς Ἰτουραίας καὶ Τραχωνίτιδος χώρας, καὶ Λυσανίου τῆς Ἀβιληνῆς τετρααρχοῦντος,
34 word entries
Ἐν
πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ
- Lemma
- πεντεκαιδέκατος
- Morphology
- A-DSN
- Part of Speech
- A
- Strong's
- G4003
- Occurrences
- 1
τῆς
τῆς
καὶ
τῆς
τοῦ
τῆς
καὶ
Τραχωνίτιδος
- Lemma
- Τραχωνῖτις
- Morphology
- N-GSF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G5139
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
τῆς
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܒܫܢܬ ܚܡܫܥܣܪܐ ܕܝܢ ܕܡܠܟܘܬܗ ܕܛܝܒܪܝܘܣ ܩܣܪ ܒܗܓܡܢܘܬܐ ܕܦܢܛܝܘܣ-ܦܝܠܛܘܣ ܒܝܗܘܕ ܟܕ ܪܫܐ ܪܒܝܥܝܐ ܗܪܘܕܣ ܒܓܠܝܠܐ ܘܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ ܐܚܘܗܝ ܪܫܐ ܪܒܝܥܝܐ ܒܐܝܛܘܪܝܐ ܘܒܐܬܪܐ ܕܛܪܟܘܢܐ ܘܠܘܣܢܝܐ ܪܫܐ ܪܒܝܥܝܐ ܕܐܒܝܠܝܢܐ
26 word entries
ܒܫܢܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܫܢܬ
- Transliteration
- bshnt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܚܡܫܥܣܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܡܫܥܣܪܐ
- Transliteration
- hmsh'sr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1830
ܕܡܠܟܘܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܠܟܘܬܗ
- Transliteration
- dmlkwth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܕܛܝܒܪܝܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܛܝܒܪܝܘܣ
- Transliteration
- dtybryws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܩܣܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܣܪ
- Transliteration
- qsr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 12
ܒܗܓܡܢܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܗܓܡܢܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- bhgmnwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܦܢܛܝܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܦܢܛܝܘܣ
- Transliteration
- dpntyws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܦܝܠܛܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܝܠܛܘܣ
- Transliteration
- pyltws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 53
ܒܝܗܘܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܝܗܘܕ
- Transliteration
- byhwd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕ
- Transliteration
- kd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 730
ܪܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܫܐ
- Transliteration
- rsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 51
ܪܒܝܥܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܒܝܥܝܐ
- Transliteration
- rby'y'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 3
ܗܪܘܕܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܪܘܕܣ
- Transliteration
- hrwds
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 29
ܒܓܠܝܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܓܠܝܠܐ
- Transliteration
- bglyl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 7
ܘܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ
- Transliteration
- wpylypws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 7
ܐܚܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܚܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- 'hwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 35
ܪܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܫܐ
- Transliteration
- rsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 51
ܪܒܝܥܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܒܝܥܝܐ
- Transliteration
- rby'y'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 3
ܒܐܝܛܘܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܐܝܛܘܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- b'ytwry'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܒܐܬܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܐܬܪܐ
- Transliteration
- wb'tr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܛܪܟܘܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܛܪܟܘܢܐ
- Transliteration
- dtrkwn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܠܘܣܢܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܘܣܢܝܐ
- Transliteration
- wlwsny'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܪܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܫܐ
- Transliteration
- rsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 51
ܪܒܝܥܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܒܝܥܝܐ
- Transliteration
- rby'y'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܐܒܝܠܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܒܝܠܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- d'bylyn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Anno autem quintodecimo imperii Tiberii Cæsaris, procurante Pontio Pilato Judæam, tetrarcha autem Galiææ Herode, Philippo autem fratre ejus tetrarcha Iturææ, et Trachonitidis regionis, et Lysania Abilinæ tetrarcha,
27 word entries
anno
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- annus
- Transliteration
- anno
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 831
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
quintodecimo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quintusdecimus
- Transliteration
- quintodecimo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 21
imperii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- imperium
- Transliteration
- imperii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 78
Tiberii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Tiberius
- Transliteration
- Tiberii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
Caesaris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Caesar
- Transliteration
- Caesaris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 29
procurante
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- procuro
- Transliteration
- procurante
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1
Pontio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Pontius
- Transliteration
- Pontio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 4
Pilato
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Pilatus
- Transliteration
- Pilato
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 55
Iudaeam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iudaea
- Transliteration
- Iudaeam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 117
tetrarcha
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tetrarches
- Transliteration
- tetrarcha
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 7
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
Galilaeae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Galilaea
- Transliteration
- Galilaeae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 62
Herode
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Herodes
- Transliteration
- Herode
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 43
Philippo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Philippus
- Transliteration
- Philippo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 46
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
fratre
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- frater
- Transliteration
- fratre
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1060
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
tetrarcha
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tetrarches
- Transliteration
- tetrarcha
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 7
Itureae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Ituraea
- Transliteration
- Itureae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Trachonitidis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Trachonitis
- Transliteration
- Trachonitidis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
regionis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- regio
- Transliteration
- regionis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 261
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Lysania
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Lysanias
- Transliteration
- Lysania
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
Abilinae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Abilina
- Transliteration
- Abilinae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
tetrarcha
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tetrarches
- Transliteration
- tetrarcha
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 7
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Genesis 49:10
The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh shall come: and to him shall be the gathering of the people.
6 relevance votesLuke 2:1
And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Cesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed.
5 relevance votesMark 6:17
For Herod himself had sent forth and laid hold upon John, and bound him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife: for he had married her.
5 relevance votesLuke 9:7
Now Herod the tetrarch heard of all that was done by him: and he was perplexed, because that it was said by some, that John had risen from the dead;
5 relevance votesMatthew 27:2
And when they had bound him, they led him away, and delivered him to Pontius Pilate the governor.
5 relevance votesActs 4:27
For in truth against thy holy child Jesus, whom thou hast anointed, both Herod, and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles, and the people of Israel, were assembled,
5 relevance votesLuke 23:24
And Pilate gave sentence that it should be as they required.
5 relevance votesActs 23:26
Claudius Lysias, to the most excellent governor Felix, sendeth greeting.
4 relevance votesMatthew 14:3
For Herod had laid hold on John, and bound him, and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife.
4 relevance votesActs 26:30
And when he had thus spoken, the king rose, and the governor, and Bernice, and they that sat with them:
4 relevance votesActs 24:27
But after two years Porcius Festus came as successor to Felix: and Felix willing to show the Jews a pleasure, left Paul bound.
4 relevance votesLuke 3:19
But Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him on account of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife, and for all the evils which Herod had done,
4 relevance votes