7 It is decreed: she is uncovered, she is carried away; and her servants moan as with the voice of doves, beating on their breasts.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Nahum 2:7. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
40
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
שַׁעֲרֵ֥י הַנְּהָר֖וֹת נִפְתָּ֑חוּ וְהַֽהֵיכָ֖ל נָמֽוֹג׃
5 word entries
שַׁעֲרֵ֥י
הַנְּהָר֖וֹת
נִפְתָּ֑חוּ
וְהַֽהֵיכָ֖ל
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Πύλαι τῶν πόλεων διηνοίχθησαν, καὶ τὰ βασίλεια διέπεσε,
8 word entries
Πύλαι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πύλαι
- Transliteration
- pylai
- Morphology
- nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/verb form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 28
τῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
πόλεων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πόλις
- Transliteration
- polis
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- city
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- City or town.
- Occurrences
- 1387
διηνοίχθησαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- διηνοίχθησαν
- Transliteration
- dienoichthesan
- Morphology
- verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural
- Gloss
- were ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
τὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
βασίλεια
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- βασίλεια
- Transliteration
- basileia
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
διέπεσε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- διέπεσε
- Transliteration
- diepese
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܬܪ̈ܥܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ ܐܬܦܬܚܘ ܘܗܝܟܠܐ ܙܥ
5 word entries
ܬܪ̈ܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܪܥܐ
- Transliteration
- tr''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 160
ܕܝܗܘܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܗܘܕܐ
- Transliteration
- dyhwd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 428
ܐܬܦܬܚܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܦܬܚܘ
- Transliteration
- 'tpthw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 4
ܘܗܝܟܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܝܟܠܐ
- Transliteration
- whykl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 13
ܙܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܙܥ
- Transliteration
- z'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 8
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
גִשְׁרֵי נַהֲרְוָתָא אִתְפְּסַקָא וּמַלְכָּא בְּהֵיכְלֵיהּ זָע׃
6 word entries
גִשְׁרֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גשרי
- Transliteration
- gshry
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
נַהֲרְוָתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נהרותא
- Transliteration
- nhrwt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 13
אִתְפְּסַקָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתפסקא
- Transliteration
- 'tpsq'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
וּמַלְכָּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מלך
- Transliteration
- wmlk'
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- and king
- Occurrences
- 2509
בְּהֵיכְלֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- היכליה
- Transliteration
- bhyklyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 7
זָע׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זע
- Transliteration
- z'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et miles captivus abductus est, et ancillæ ejus minabantur gementes ut columbæ, murmurantes in cordibus suis.
16 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
miles
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- miles
- Transliteration
- miles
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 59
captivus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- captiuus
- Transliteration
- captivus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 56
abductus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- abduco
- Transliteration
- abductus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 12
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
ancillae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ancilla
- Transliteration
- ancillae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 127
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
minabantur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- minor
- Transliteration
- minabantur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 12
gementes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gemo
- Transliteration
- gementes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 18
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
columbae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- columba
- Transliteration
- columbae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 43
murmurantes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- murmuro
- Transliteration
- murmurantes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 29
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
cordibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cor
- Transliteration
- cordibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1028
suis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suus
- Transliteration
- suis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5783
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Isaiah 38:14
I chattered like a swallow or a crane. I moaned like a dove. My eyes weaken looking upward. Lord, I am oppressed. Be my security.”
5 relevance votesIsaiah 59:11
We all roar like bears and moan sadly like doves. We look for justice, but there is none, for salvation, but it is far off from us.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 32:12
Beat your breasts for the pleasant fields, for the fruitful vine.
2 relevance votesLuke 23:27
A great multitude of the people followed him, including women who also mourned and lamented him.
2 relevance votesLuke 23:48
All the multitudes that came together to see this, when they saw the things that were done, returned home beating their chests.
2 relevance votes