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World English Bible

Genesis 16

World English Bible, Verse 1

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¹ Now Sarai, Abram’s wife, bore him no children. She had a servant, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Genesis 16:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 64

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְשָׂרַי֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת אַבְרָ֔ם לֹ֥א יָלְדָ֖ה ל֑וֹ וְלָ֛הּ שִׁפְחָ֥ה מִצְרִ֖ית וּשְׁמָ֥הּ הָגָֽר׃

11 word entries

וְשָׂרַי֙

Lemma: c/8297
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8297
Occurrences: 1

אֵ֣שֶׁת

Lemma: 802
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H802
Occurrences: 438

אַבְרָ֔ם

Lemma: 87
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H87
Occurrences: 50

לֹ֥א

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

יָלְדָ֖ה

Lemma: 3205
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3205
Occurrences: 300

ל֑וֹ

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

וְלָ֛הּ

Lemma: c/l
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Occurrences: 74

שִׁפְחָ֥ה

Lemma: 8198
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8198
Occurrences: 36

מִצְרִ֖ית

Lemma: 4713
Morphology: Hebrew: noun gentilic feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4713
Occurrences: 52

וּשְׁמָ֥הּ

Lemma: c/8034
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8034
Occurrences: 131

הָגָֽר

Lemma: 1904
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1904
Occurrences: 12

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Σάρα δὲ ἡ γυνὴ Ἅβραμ οὐκ ἔτικτεν αὐτῷ· ἦν δὲ αὐτῇ παιδίσκη Αἰγυπτία, ᾗ ὄνομα Ἄγαρ.

16 word entries

Σάρα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σάρα
Transliteration: sara
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

γυνὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γυνή
Transliteration: gyne
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: woman, wife
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Woman or wife.
Occurrences: 889

Ἅβραμ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἅβραμ
Transliteration: Abram
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Abram
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Abram, patriarchal personal name.
Occurrences: 66

οὐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

ἔτικτεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἔτικτεν
Transliteration: etikten
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

αὐτῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἦν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: en
Morphology: verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it was
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

αὐτῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

παιδίσκη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: παιδίσκη
Transliteration: paidiske
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

Αἰγυπτία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: αἰγυπτία
Transliteration: aigyptia
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ᾗ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: he
Morphology: relative pronoun, dative feminine singular
Gloss: by which, where
Part of Speech: relative pronoun/adverb
Definition: Relative pronoun or adverbial relative form.
Occurrences: 4123

ὄνομα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὄνομα
Transliteration: onoma
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: name
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Name.
Occurrences: 908

Ἄγαρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἄγαρ
Transliteration: agar
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἄγαρ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וְשָׂרַי אִתַּת אַבְרָם לָא יְלִידַת לֵהּ וְלַהּ אַמְתָא מִצְרֵיתָא וּשְׁמַהּ הָגָר

11 word entries

וְשָׂרַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שרי
Transliteration: wshry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 39

אִתַּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתת
Transliteration: 'tt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 51

אַבְרָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אברם
Transliteration: 'brm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 58

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 1040

יְלִידַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ילידת
Transliteration: ylydt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 59

לֵהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לה
Transliteration: lh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 465

וְלַהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולה
Transliteration: wlh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

אַמְתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אמתא
Transliteration: 'mt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 34

מִצְרֵיתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צריתא
Transliteration: mtsryt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 4

וּשְׁמַהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שמה
Transliteration: wshmh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 67

הָגָר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הגר
Transliteration: hgr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 12

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܣܪܝ ܐܢܬܬܗ ܕܐܒܪܡ ܠܐ ܝܠ̣ܕܬ ܠܗ. ܘܐܝܬ ܗܘܬ ܠܗ̇ ܐܡܬܐ ܡܨܪܝܬܐ ܘܫܡܗ̇ ܗܓܪ.

13 word entries

ܘܣܪܝ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WSRJ
Morphology: W-SRJ/
Occurrences: 0

ܐܢܬܬܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >NTTH
Morphology: >NT(>/T-H
Occurrences: 0

ܕܐܒܪܡ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: D>BRM
Morphology: D->BRM/
Occurrences: 0

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: L>
Morphology: L>
Occurrences: 0

ܝܠ̣ܕܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: JL#DT
Morphology: JLD[T==
Occurrences: 0

ܠܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LH
Morphology: L-H
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܝܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>JT
Morphology: W->JT(J/
Occurrences: 0

ܗܘܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: HWT
Morphology: HW(J[T==
Occurrences: 0

ܠܗ̇

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LH^
Morphology: L-H=
Occurrences: 0

ܐܡܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >MT>
Morphology: >M(>=/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܡܨܪܝܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MYRJT>
Morphology: MYRJ/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܫܡܗ̇

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WCMH^
Morphology: W-CM/-H=
Occurrences: 0

ܗܓܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: HGR
Morphology: HGR/
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Igitur Sarai, uxor Abram, non genuerat liberos: sed habens ancillam ægyptiam nomine Agar,

13 word entries

igitur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: igitur
Transliteration: igitur
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 420

Sarai

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Sarai
Transliteration: Sarai
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 10

uxor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uxor
Transliteration: uxor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 505

Abram

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Abram
Transliteration: Abram
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 46

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

genuerat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: gigno
Transliteration: genuerat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 302

liberos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: liberi
Transliteration: liberos
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 58

sed

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sed
Transliteration: sed
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1637

habens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: habeo
Transliteration: habens
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1641

ancillam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ancilla
Transliteration: ancillam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 127

aegyptiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aegyptia
Transliteration: aegyptiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 2

nomine

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nomen
Transliteration: nomine
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1130

Agar

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Agar
Transliteration: Agar
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 9

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Genesis 16

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