16 El príncipe falto de entendimiento multiplicará los agravios: mas el que aborrece la avaricia, prolongará sus días.
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Santa Biblia — Reina-Valera 1909
Proverbs 28
Santa Biblia — Reina-Valera 1909, Verse 16
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 28:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
57
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
נָגִ֗יד חֲסַ֣ר תְּ֭בוּנוֹת וְרַ֥ב מַעֲשַׁקּ֑וֹת שנאי בֶ֝֗צַע יַאֲרִ֥יךְ יָמִֽים׃ פ
10 word entries
נָגִ֗יד
תְּ֭בוּנוֹת
וְרַ֥ב
מַעֲשַׁקּ֑וֹת
שנאי
שֹׂ֥נֵא
בֶ֝֗צַע
יַאֲרִ֥יךְ
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Βασιλεὺς ἐνδεὴς προσόδων μέγας συκοφάντης, ὁ δὲ μισῶν ἀδικίαν μακρὸν χρόνον ζήσεται.
12 word entries
Βασιλεὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- βασιλεύς
- Transliteration
- basileus
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- king
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- King or ruler.
- Occurrences
- 3067
ἐνδεὴς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐνδεὴς
- Transliteration
- endees
- Morphology
- genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
- Gloss
- of ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/pronoun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 9
προσόδων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- προσόδων
- Transliteration
- prosodon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
μέγας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- μέγας
- Transliteration
- megas
- Morphology
- adjective, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- great, large
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Definition
- Great, large, important, or mighty.
- Occurrences
- 653
συκοφάντης
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- συκοφάντης
- Transliteration
- sykophantes
- Morphology
- genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
- Gloss
- of ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/pronoun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ὁ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
μισῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μισῶν
- Transliteration
- mison
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 15
ἀδικίαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀδικία
- Transliteration
- adikian
- Morphology
- noun, feminine accusative singular
- Gloss
- injustice, unrighteousness
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Injustice, unrighteousness, wrong, or iniquity.
- Occurrences
- 166
μακρὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μακρὸν
- Transliteration
- makron
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
χρόνον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- χρόνος
- Transliteration
- chronon
- Morphology
- noun, masculine accusative singular
- Gloss
- time
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Time, season, or duration.
- Occurrences
- 67
ζήσεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ζάω
- Transliteration
- zesetai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will live
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To live.
- Occurrences
- 182
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܫܠܝܛܐ ܚܣܝܪ ܪܥܝܢܐ ܣ̈ܓܝܐܝܢ ܬܘܟ̈ܘܗܝ ܘܐܝܢܐ ܕܣܢܐ ܢܟܠܐ ܢܓܪܘܢ ܝܘܡ̈ܬܗ
10 word entries
ܫܠܝܛܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܠܝܛܐ
- Transliteration
- shlyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 64
ܚܣܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܣܝܪ
- Transliteration
- hsyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 13
ܪܥܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܥܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- r'yn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 18
ܣ̈ܓܝܐܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܓܝܐܝܢ
- Transliteration
- sgy'yn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 18
ܬܘܟ̈ܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܘܟܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- twkwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܐܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- w'yn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 19
ܕܣܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܣܢܐ
- Transliteration
- dsn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܢܟܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܟܠܐ
- Transliteration
- nkl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 33
ܢܓܪܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܓܪܘܢ
- Transliteration
- ngrwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 2
ܝܘܡ̈ܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܘܡܬܗ
- Transliteration
- ywmth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 22
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
שַׁלִיטָא חֲסִיר הַוְיָנָא סַגִיעָן עוֹשְׁקוֹי וְאִנָא דְשָׂנֵי טוּלְמַיָא נִגְדוּן יוֹמוֹי׃
10 word entries
שַׁלִיטָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שליטא
- Transliteration
- shlyt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 7
חֲסִיר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חסיר
- Transliteration
- chsyr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 14
הַוְיָנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הוינא
- Transliteration
- hwyn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 21
סַגִיעָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סגיען
- Transliteration
- sgy'n
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 5
עוֹשְׁקוֹי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עושקוי
- Transliteration
- 'wshqwy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
וְאִנָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- אנא
- Transliteration
- w'n'
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + personal pronoun first singular
- Gloss
- and I
- Occurrences
- 1108
דְשָׂנֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שני
- Transliteration
- dshny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 27
טוּלְמַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- טולמיא
- Transliteration
- twlmy'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
נִגְדוּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נגדון
- Transliteration
- ngdwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
יוֹמוֹי׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יומוי
- Transliteration
- ywmwy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 16
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Dux indigens prudentia multos opprimet per calumniam; qui autem odit avaritiam, longi fient dies ejus.
15 word entries
dux
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dux
- Transliteration
- dux
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 245
indigens
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- indigens
- Transliteration
- indigens
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 7
prudentia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- prudentia
- Transliteration
- prudentia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 61
multos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- multi
- Transliteration
- multos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 24
opprimet
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- opprimo
- Transliteration
- opprimet
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 74
per
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- per
- Transliteration
- per
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 1915
calumniam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- calumnia
- Transliteration
- calumniam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 28
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
odit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- odi
- Transliteration
- odit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 150
avaritiam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- auaritia
- Transliteration
- avaritiam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 27
longi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- longus
- Transliteration
- longi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 42
fient
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fio
- Transliteration
- fient
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 449
dies
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dies
- Transliteration
- dies
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2559
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Exodus 18:21
Además inquiere tú de entre todo el pueblo varones de virtud, temerosos de Dios, varones de verdad, que aborrezcan la avaricia; y constituirás á éstos sobre ellos caporales sobre mil, sobre ciento, sobre cincuenta y sobre diez.
4 relevance votesEcclesiastes 4:1
Y TORNÉME yo, y vi todas las violencias que se hacen debajo del sol: y he aquí las lágrimas de los oprimidos, y sin tener quien los consuele; y la fuerza estaba en la mano de sus opresores, y para ellos no había consolador.
3 relevance votes1 Kings 12:14
Y hablóles conforme al consejo de los mancebos, diciendo: Mi padre agravó vuestro yugo, pero yo añadiré á vuestro yugo; mi padre os hirió con azotes, mas yo os heriré con escorpiones.
3 relevance votesIsaiah 3:12
Los exactores de mi pueblo son muchachos, y mujeres se enseñorearon de él. Pueblo mío, los que te guían te engañan, y tuercen la carrera de tus caminos.
3 relevance votes1 Kings 12:10
Entonces los mancebos que se habían criado con él, le respondieron, diciendo: Así hablarás á este pueblo que te ha dicho estas palabras: Tu padre agravó nuestro yugo; mas tú disminúyenos algo : así les hablarás: El menor dedo de los míos es más grueso que los lomos de mi padre.
3 relevance votesNehemiah 5:15
Mas los primeros gobernadores que fueron antes de mí, cargaron al pueblo, y tomaron de ellos por el pan y por el vino sobre cuarenta siclos de plata: á más de esto, sus criados se enseñoreaban sobre el pueblo; pero yo no hice así, á causa del temor de Dios.
3 relevance votesAmos 4:1
OID esta palabra, vacas de Basán, que estáis en el monte de Samaria, que oprimís los pobres, que quebrantáis los menesterosos, que decís á sus señores: Traed, y beberemos.
2 relevance votes