24 Then the Lord caused brimstone and fire from heaven to rain upon Sodom and Gomorrah,
Jump to another chapter in Genesis
Open English Bible, US Edition
Genesis 19
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 24
Show original chapter
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Genesis 19:24. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
66
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַֽיהוָ֗ה הִמְטִ֧יר עַל־סְדֹ֛ם וְעַל־עֲמֹרָ֖ה גָּפְרִ֣ית וָאֵ֑שׁ מֵאֵ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה מִן־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃
12 word entries
וַֽיהוָ֗ה
הִמְטִ֧יר
עַל
וְעַל
גָּפְרִ֣ית
וָאֵ֑שׁ
מֵאֵ֥ת
מִן
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ Κύριος ἔβρεξεν ἐπὶ Σόδομα καὶ Γόμοῤῥα θεῖον καὶ πῦρ παρὰ Κυρίου ἐξ οὐρανοῦ.
14 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
Κύριος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
ἔβρεξεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἔβρεξεν
- Transliteration
- ebrexen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
Σόδομα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- σόδομα
- Transliteration
- sodoma
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 16
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
Γόμοῤῥα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- γόμοῤῥα
- Transliteration
- gomoa
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 10
θεῖον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- θεῖον
- Transliteration
- theion
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 9
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
πῦρ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πῦρ
- Transliteration
- pyr
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- fire
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Fire.
- Occurrences
- 446
παρὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- παρά
- Transliteration
- para
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- from, beside, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided form of παρά.
- Occurrences
- 776
Κυρίου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
ἐξ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐκ
- Transliteration
- ek
- Morphology
- preposition with genitive
- Gloss
- from, out of
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
- Occurrences
- 3500
οὐρανοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- οὐρανός
- Transliteration
- ouranou
- Morphology
- noun, masculine genitive singular
- Gloss
- of heaven, of sky
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Heaven, sky, or heavenly realm.
- Strong's
- G3772
- Occurrences
- 474
Targum Onkelos Torah
Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain
Coverage: Torah
Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.
וַיְיָ אַמְטַר עַל סְדוֹם וְעַל עֲמוֹרָה גָּפְרֵיתָא וְאֶשָּׁתָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ מִן שְׁמַיָּא
13 word entries
וַיְיָ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ויי
- Transliteration
- wyy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 19
אַמְטַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אמטר
- Transliteration
- 'mtr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 1104
סְדוֹם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סדום
- Transliteration
- sdwm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 22
וְעַל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ועל
- Transliteration
- w'l
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 163
עֲמוֹרָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עמורה
- Transliteration
- 'mwrh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 7
גָּפְרֵיתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גפריתא
- Transliteration
- gpryt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
וְאֶשָּׁתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אשתא
- Transliteration
- w'sht'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 65
מִן
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מן
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- from, out of, than
- Occurrences
- 515
קֳדָם
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- קדם
- Transliteration
- qdm
- Morphology
- prepositional or nominal form
- Gloss
- before, in front of, east
- Occurrences
- 823
יְיָ
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- יהוה
- Transliteration
- yy
- Morphology
- divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
- Gloss
- the Lord
- Occurrences
- 1694
מִן
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מן
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- from, out of, than
- Occurrences
- 515
שְׁמַיָּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- שמיא
- Transliteration
- shmy'
- Morphology
- noun masculine plural emphatic
- Gloss
- heavens, sky
- Occurrences
- 102
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܡܪܝܐ ܐܚܬ ܥܠ ܣܕܘܡ ܘܥܠ ܥܡܘܪܐ. ܟܒܪܝܬܐ ܘܢܘܪܐ ܡܢ ܩܕܡ ܡܪܝܐ ܡܢ ܫܡܝܐ.
13 word entries
ܘܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WMRJ>
- Morphology
- W-MRJ>/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܐܚܬ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- >XT
- Morphology
- ]>](NXT[
- Occurrences
- 0
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- <L
- Morphology
- <L
- Occurrences
- 0
ܣܕܘܡ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- SDWM
- Morphology
- SDWM/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܘܥܠ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- W<L
- Morphology
- W-<L
- Occurrences
- 0
ܥܡܘܪܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- <MWR>
- Morphology
- <MWR>/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܟܒܪܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- KBRJT>
- Morphology
- KBRJ/T~>
- Occurrences
- 0
ܘܢܘܪܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WNWR>
- Morphology
- W-NWR/~>
- Occurrences
- 0
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- MN
- Morphology
- MN
- Occurrences
- 0
ܩܕܡ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- QDM
- Morphology
- QDM/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- MRJ>
- Morphology
- MRJ>/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- MN
- Morphology
- MN
- Occurrences
- 0
ܫܡܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- CMJ>
- Morphology
- CM(J/J~>
- Occurrences
- 0
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Igitur Dominus pluit super Sodomam et Gomorrham sulphur et ignem a Domino de cælo:
14 word entries
igitur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- igitur
- Transliteration
- igitur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 420
Dominus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Dominus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
pluit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pluo
- Transliteration
- pluit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 24
super
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- super
- Transliteration
- super
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3146
Sodomam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Sodoma
- Transliteration
- Sodomam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 44
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Gomorram
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Gomorrha
- Transliteration
- Gomorram
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 21
sulphur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sulfur
- Transliteration
- sulphur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 14
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
ignem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ignis
- Transliteration
- ignem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 540
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
Domino
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Domino
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
caelo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- caelum
- Transliteration
- caelo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- heaven
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- heaven, sky
- Etymology
- Latin noun for heaven or sky; often normalized as caelum.
- Occurrences
- 740
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Deuteronomy 29:23
12 relevance votesIsaiah 13:19
9 relevance votes2 Peter 2:6
He condemned the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah and reduced them to ashes, holding them up as a warning to the godless of what was in store for them;
7 relevance votesJude 1:7
Like Sodom and Gomorrah and the towns near them, which gave themselves up to fornication, and fell into unnatural vice, these angels now stand out as a warning, undergoing, as they are, punishment in eternal fire.
7 relevance votesAmos 4:11
I wrought a destruction among you, as God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah. You were like a stick snatched from the fire, yet you did not return to me, says the Lord .
6 relevance votesHosea 11:8
How can I give you up, Ephraim! Give you over, Israel! How am I to give you up as Admah! Make you like Zeboim! My heart asserts itself, my sympathies are all aglow.
5 relevance votesJeremiah 50:40
5 relevance votesJeremiah 20:16
5 relevance votesZephaniah 2:9
Therefore as I live, says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: Moab will be like Sodom, and the Ammonites like Gomorrah, a pile of nettles and saltpits, and a desolation, forever. The residue of my people will plunder them, and the survivors of my nation will inherit them.
4 relevance votesLamentations 4:6
4 relevance votesPsalms 11:6
On the wicked he rains coals of fire and brimstone, and their drink will be scorching wind.
4 relevance votesJob 18:15
4 relevance votes
Chapter 19 · 19 of 50 available
Verse 24 of 38