2 Samuel 5

Bible in Basic English, Verse 4

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⁴ David was thirty years old when he became king, and he was king for forty years,

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 5:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 51

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

בֶּן־שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֛ה דָּוִ֖ד בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה מָלָֽךְ׃

8 word entries

בֶּן

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים

Lemma: 7970
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7970
Occurrences: 108

שָׁנָ֛ה

Lemma: 8141
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8141
Occurrences: 646

דָּוִ֖ד

Lemma: 1732
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1732
Occurrences: 847

בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ

Lemma: b/4427 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4427
Occurrences: 40

אַרְבָּעִ֥ים

Lemma: 705
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H705
Occurrences: 93

שָׁנָ֖ה

Lemma: 8141
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8141
Occurrences: 646

מָלָֽךְ

Lemma: 4427 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4427
Occurrences: 158

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Υἱὸς τριάκοντα ἐτῶν Δαυὶδ ἐν τῷ βασιλεῦσαι αὐτόν, καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη ἐβασίλευσεν.

12 word entries

Υἱὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

τριάκοντα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τριάκοντα
Transliteration: triakonta
Morphology: numeral, indeclinable
Gloss: thirty
Part of Speech: numeral
Definition: The numeral thirty.
Occurrences: 137

ἐτῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔτος
Transliteration: eton
Morphology: noun, neuter genitive plural
Gloss: of years
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Year.
Occurrences: 657

Δαυὶδ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Δαυίδ
Transliteration: David
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: David
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: David.
Occurrences: 1047

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

βασιλεῦσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: βασιλεῦσαι
Transliteration: basileysai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

αὐτόν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τεσσαράκοντα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τεσσαράκοντα
Transliteration: tessarakonta
Morphology: numeral, indeclinable
Gloss: forty
Part of Speech: numeral
Definition: The numeral forty.
Occurrences: 101

ἔτη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔτος
Transliteration: ete
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
Gloss: years
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Year.
Occurrences: 657

ἐβασίλευσεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεύω
Transliteration: ebasileusen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it reigned
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To reign, rule as king, or exercise royal authority.
Occurrences: 246

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒܪ ܬܠܬܝܢ ܗܘܐ ܫܢܝ̈ܢ ܕܘܝܕ ܟܕ ܐܡܠܟ ܘܐܪ̈ܒܥܝܢ ܫܢܝ̈ܢ ܐܡܠܟ

10 word entries

ܒܪ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܪ
Transliteration: bar
Morphology: noun, masculine construct singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 1284

ܬܠܬܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܠܬܝܢ
Transliteration: tltyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 85

ܗܘܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘܐ
Transliteration: hwa
Morphology: verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss: was, became
Occurrences: 1800

ܫܢܝ̈ܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܢܝܢ
Transliteration: shnyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 272

ܕܘܝܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܘܝܕ
Transliteration: dwyd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 617

ܟܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܕ
Transliteration: kd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 881

ܐܡܠܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܡܠܟ
Transliteration: 'mlk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 123

ܘܐܪ̈ܒܥܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܪܒܥܝܢ
Transliteration: w'rb'yn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 34

ܫܢܝ̈ܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܢܝܢ
Transliteration: shnyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 272

ܐܡܠܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܡܠܟ
Transliteration: 'mlk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 123

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בַּר תְּלָתִין שְׁנִין דָוִד כַּד מְלַךְ וְאַרְבְּעִין שְׁנִין מְלָךְ׃

9 word entries

בַּר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: br
Morphology: noun masculine singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 2734

תְּלָתִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תלתין
Transliteration: tltyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 85

שְׁנִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שנין
Transliteration: shnyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 295

דָוִד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דוד
Transliteration: dwd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1106

כַּד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כד
Transliteration: kd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 581

מְלַךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2509

וְאַרְבְּעִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארבעין
Transliteration: w'rb'yn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 69

שְׁנִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שנין
Transliteration: shnyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 295

מְלָךְ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2509

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Filius triginta annorum erat David cum regnare cœpisset, et quadraginta annis regnavit.

12 word entries

filius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filius
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

triginta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: triginta
Transliteration: triginta
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 181

annorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: annus
Transliteration: annorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 831

erat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: erat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

David

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Dauid
Transliteration: David
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 1095

cum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 5272

regnare

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: regno
Transliteration: regnare
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 342

coepisset

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: coepio
Transliteration: coepisset
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 262

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

quadraginta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quadraginta
Transliteration: quadraginta
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 156

annis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: annus
Transliteration: annis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 831

regnavit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: regno
Transliteration: regnavit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 342

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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2 Samuel 5

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Ranked cross references

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