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Open English Bible, US Edition

Genesis 38

Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 2

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² Judah saw there a daughter of a Canaanite whose name was Shua, and he married her. He lay with her,

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Genesis 38:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 65

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיַּרְא־שָׁ֧ם יְהוּדָ֛ה בַּת־אִ֥ישׁ כְּנַעֲנִ֖י וּשְׁמ֣וֹ שׁ֑וּעַ וַיִּקָּחֶ֖הָ וַיָּבֹ֥א אֵלֶֽיהָ׃

11 word entries

וַיַּרְא

Lemma: c/7200
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7200
Occurrences: 487

שָׁ֧ם

Lemma: 8033
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H8033
Occurrences: 671

יְהוּדָ֛ה

Lemma: 3063
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3063
Occurrences: 682

בַּת

Lemma: 1323
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1323
Occurrences: 388

אִ֥ישׁ

Lemma: 376
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H376
Occurrences: 1458

כְּנַעֲנִ֖י

Lemma: 3669 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun gentilic masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3669
Occurrences: 3

וּשְׁמ֣וֹ

Lemma: c/8034
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8034
Occurrences: 131

שׁ֑וּעַ

Lemma: 7770
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7770
Occurrences: 2

וַיִּקָּחֶ֖הָ

Lemma: c/3947
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3947
Occurrences: 500

וַיָּבֹ֥א

Lemma: c/935
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H935
Occurrences: 984

אֵלֶֽיהָ

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ εἶδεν ἐκεῖ Ἰούδας θυγατέρα ἀνθρώπου Χαναναίου, ᾗ ὄνομα Σαυά· καὶ ἔλαβεν αὐτὴν, καὶ εἰσῆλθε πρὸς αὐτήν.

17 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἶδεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁράω
Transliteration: eiden
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it saw
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To see, perceive, or look at.
Occurrences: 768

ἐκεῖ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκεῖ
Transliteration: ekei
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: there
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: There, in that place.
Occurrences: 751

Ἰούδας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰούδας
Transliteration: Ioudas
Morphology: proper noun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: Judah/Judas
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Judah or Judas depending on context.
Occurrences: 221

θυγατέρα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θυγάτηρ
Transliteration: thygater
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: daughter
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Daughter or female descendant.
Occurrences: 506

ἀνθρώπου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄνθρωπος
Transliteration: anthropos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: human, man
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Human being, person, man.
Occurrences: 1305

Χαναναίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: χαναναίου
Transliteration: chananaioy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

ᾗ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: he
Morphology: relative pronoun, dative feminine singular
Gloss: by which, where
Part of Speech: relative pronoun/adverb
Definition: Relative pronoun or adverbial relative form.
Occurrences: 4123

ὄνομα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὄνομα
Transliteration: onoma
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: name
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Name.
Occurrences: 908

Σαυά

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: σαυά
Transliteration: saya
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἔλαβεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λαμβάνω
Transliteration: elaben
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it took, received
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To take, receive, or obtain.
Occurrences: 894

αὐτὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἰσῆλθε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰσέρχομαι
Transliteration: eiselthe
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it entered
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To go in, enter, or come in.
Occurrences: 378

πρὸς

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: πρὸς
Transliteration: pros
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with/toward
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: with/toward
Strong's: G4314
Occurrences: 3989

αὐτήν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וַחֲזָא תַמָּן יְהוּדָה בַּת גְּבַר תַּגָּרָא וּשְׁמֵהּ שׁוּעַ וְנָסְבַהּ וְעַל לְוָתַהּ

11 word entries

וַחֲזָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חזא
Transliteration: wchz'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 75

תַמָּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תמן
Transliteration: tmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 254

יְהוּדָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יהודה
Transliteration: yhwdh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 48

בַּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בת
Transliteration: bt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 62

גְּבַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גבר
Transliteration: gbr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 287

תַּגָּרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תגרא
Transliteration: tgr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

וּשְׁמֵהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שמה
Transliteration: wshmh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 67

שׁוּעַ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שוע
Transliteration: shw'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

וְנָסְבַהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נסבה
Transliteration: wnsbh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 4

וְעַל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ועל
Transliteration: w'l
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 163

לְוָתַהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ותה
Transliteration: lwth
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 37

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܚ̣ܙܐ ܬܡܢ ܝܗܘܕܐ ܒܪܬ ܓܒܪܐ ܟܢܥܢܝܐ. ܘܫܡܗ̇ ܫܘܥ. ܘܢܣܒܗ̇ ܘܥܠ ܠܘܬܗ̇.

11 word entries

ܘܚ̣ܙܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WX#Z>
Morphology: W-XZ(J&>[
Occurrences: 0

ܬܡܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: TMN
Morphology: TMN
Occurrences: 0

ܝܗܘܕܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: JHWD>
Morphology: JHWD>/
Occurrences: 0

ܒܪܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BRT
Morphology: BR(>/T
Occurrences: 0

ܓܒܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: GBR>
Morphology: GBR/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܟܢܥܢܝܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: KN<NJ>
Morphology: KN<NJ/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܫܡܗ̇

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WCMH^
Morphology: W-CM/-H=
Occurrences: 0

ܫܘܥ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: CW<
Morphology: CW<==/
Occurrences: 0

ܘܢܣܒܗ̇

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WNSBH^
Morphology: W-NSB[-H=
Occurrences: 0

ܘܥܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W<L
Morphology: W-<L(L[
Occurrences: 0

ܠܘܬܗ̇

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LWTH^
Morphology: LWT-H=
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Viditque ibi filiam hominis Chananæi, vocabulo Sue: et accepta uxore, ingressus est ad eam.

15 word entries

viditque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uideo
Transliteration: viditque
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1988

{viditque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {viditque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

ibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ibi
Transliteration: ibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 517

filiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filia
Transliteration: filiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 566

hominis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: homo
Transliteration: hominis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1653

chananei

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: chananeus
Transliteration: chananei
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 8

vocabulo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uocabulum
Transliteration: vocabulo
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 18

Suae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: Suae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

uxore

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uxor
Transliteration: uxore
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 505

accepta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: accipio
Transliteration: accepta
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 632

ingressus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ingredior
Transliteration: ingressus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 561

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ad
Transliteration: ad
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 7531

eam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Genesis 38

Source Text Study

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